摘要
目的探讨颅脑损伤患者深静脉血栓(DVT)形成的高危因素及预防方法。方法对3 6 2例颅脑损伤患者伤后每间隔1 0 d检查一次下肢血管彩超,发现DVT后给予及时治疗。对发生DVT与未发生DVT的患者进行年龄、疾病、卧床时间、性别等各因素的患病率进行对照分析。结果 3 6 2例患者发现DVT 4 8例,DVT患肢6 3侧,DVT患病率高血压者为1 7.5 0%(2 8/1 6 0),无高血压者9.9 0%(2 0/2 0 2),年龄<6 0岁者1 0.7 1%(3 3/3 0 8),>6 0岁者2 7.7 8%(1 5/5 4),糖尿病者2 5.3 0%(2 1/8 3),无糖尿病者9.6 8%(2 7/2 7 9);瘫痪肢体2 2.9 2%(4 4/1 9 2),未瘫痪肢体3.5 7%(1 9/5 3 2),卧床≤1 0 d时DVT患病率2.2 1%(8/3 6 2),≤2 0 d时7.4 6%(1 7/2 2 8),≤3 0 d时1 2.1 2%(2 4/1 9 8),≤4 0 d时2 4.4 3%(3 2/1 3 1),≤5 0 d时3 9.8 1%(4 3/1 0 8)。结论颅脑损伤患者DVT的发生与年龄、血压、血糖、肢体活动度、卧床时间等密切相关,与性别关系不大。高龄、高血压史、糖尿病史、瘫痪肢体、卧床时间>1 0 d等均是形成DVT的高危因素,而且卧床时间越长,形成DVT的风险越大。
Objective To explore the risk factors for deep vein thrombosis in patients with traumatic brain injury. Methods 362 head injury patients were checked by vascular ultrasound in 10,20,30,40,50 days after injury, when DVT was diagnosed, they were treated immediately. The relevance of age, illness, time of lying, sex and the DVT was analyzed. Results 48 patients 63 legs had DVT. DVT incidence rate was 17.50% （28/160） in high blood pressure（HBP） patients,and 9.90% （20/202） in no HBP; 10.71% （33/308） in lower 60 years old patients, 27.78% （15/54）in higher 60 years old; 25.0% （21/83）in diabetes patients ,9.68% （27/279） in no dia- betes patients; 22.92% （44/192） in paralytic legs,3.57% （19/532） in no paralytic legs; 2.21% （8/362） in patients of lying in bed for 10 days,7.46% （17/228） for20 days,12.12% （24/198） for 30 days,24.43% （32/131） for 40 days,39.1% （43/108） for 50 days. Conclusions DVT incidence rate in patients with TBI may be correlated with age, HBP, diabetes, leg activity, the time lying in bed. Eld, HBP,diabetes, paralytic leg, longer than 10 days lying in bed are all risk factors to generate DVT.
出处
《国际神经病学神经外科学杂志》
2011年第1期5-8,共4页
Journal of International Neurology and Neurosurgery
关键词
颅脑损伤
深静脉血栓
高血压
糖尿病
traumatic brain injury（TBI）
Deep vein thrombosis
High blood pressure
Diabetes
