摘要
通过北京郊区大田调查和定点试验观测,对比研究了免耕覆盖与传统耕作两种措施下作物长势和产量差异,探讨了免耕覆盖技术推广实施中存在的问题。结果表明：与传统翻耕相比,免耕覆盖作物出苗和成熟更晚;免耕冬小麦出苗和生长初期,麦苗密度可低于传统翻耕32%;免耕覆盖玉米出苗和长势往往好于传统翻耕,出苗密度可高于传统翻耕约20%。与传统翻耕相比较,免耕覆盖冬小麦地上生物量可低3%左右,但同期测量地下根量却高15%;免耕冬小麦在春季干旱年份可增产2.2%,而在春季雨水较多的年份却减产18.37%,大田调查最高可造成减产46.4%;免耕覆盖玉米产量一般较高,可高出2%~18%。免耕技术推广实施还需要加强科学的田间管理,加大政府支持力度。
Based on field investigation and fixed experimental observation from 2006～2007 in Beijing suburbs,comparison between the no-tillage and conventional tillage under crop growing and yield was made to analyse the problems during the implementation of no-tillage extension.The results reveal that compared with those in conventional tillage,the emergence and maturity of crops in no-tillage with mulching are later;and the number of plants can be 32% lower than conventional tillage during emergence and early seedling pulling of no-tillage winter wheat;Compared with conventional tillage,biomass of no-tillage winter wheat can be about 3% lower,but the underground root is measured 15% higher over the same period.No-tillage winter wheat can increase production by 2.2% in dry-spring years,but in rainy-spring years,production drops by 18.37%,and at most by 46.4%;No-tillage increases corm production by 2%～18%.Promoting the implementation of no-tillage also needs to strengthen scientific field management and increase government support and advocacy efforts to ensure the stability of no-tillage grain production and sustained implementation.
出处
《干旱地区农业研究》
CSCD
北大核心
2011年第2期95-100,共6页
Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas
基金
国家自然科学基金"北京及周边地区免耕条件土壤水分动态及利用效率(40571092)"
北京地区普通高等学校首都经济学科群建设项目
北京市教委科技创新平台-首都圈生态文明建设研究项目
关键词
免耕
传统翻耕
作物产量
推广实施
no tillage
conventional tillage
crop yield
implementation of extension
