摘要
目的比较浙江省不同经济类型和不同规模企业的流动工人职业卫生现况的差异。方法采用分层随机抽样方法,选取浙江省324家企业,对其危害因素监测和健康监护等职业卫生现况进行调查。数据采用SPSS 15.0统计软件的卡方检验进行分析,P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果小型企业存在粉尘超标点的比例为28.29%,明显高于大型企业(0%)。小型企业的合同签订比例为83.74%,明显低于大型企业(100%)。为流动工人提供上岗前体检的私营企业比例为46.67%,小型企业的比例为50.81%。为流动工人提供离岗体检的比例在所调查的所有企业中均普遍偏低,股份制企业开展比例最高,也仅为46.73%。不同规模的企业在流动工人的职业卫生培训比例上差异也有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论浙江省不同经济类型和规模的企业中,流动工人职业卫生防治工作的开展和落实情况存在较大的差异,其中小型企业和私营企业应该成为职业卫生管理机构的监管重点。
Objective To compare status of migrant workers′ occupational health at firms of different economic types and scales in Zhejiang province.Methods We investigated the occupational hazardous factors and the status of occupational health surveillance at 324 firms in Zhejiang province by using stratified sampling method.The data was analyzed by using Chi-square test（χ2） in SPSS 15.0 statistical software.Results There existed the condition that dust concentration was beyond standard level in 28.29 percent of small scale firms while it doesn′t in large scale firms.The proportion of contract with migrant workers in small scale firms was 83.74% and lower than that of large scale firms（100%）.46.67 percent of private firms and 50.81 percent of small scale firms provided occupational health checkup for migrant workers before employed.The proportion was the lowest of all firms to provide occupational health checkup for migrant workers after employed.The joint-stock firms had the highest proportion（46.73%）.There was significant difference（P0.05）of the proportion of occupational health training among different scale firms.Conclusion The economic type and scale of firms in Zhejiang province were related with migrant workers′ occupational healthy status.The small scale firms and the private firms should be paid special attentions by occupational health administration.
出处
《中国预防医学杂志》
CAS
2011年第4期303-306,共4页
Chinese Preventive Medicine
基金
中国科协政策研究类课题(2007ZCYJ08)
关键词
经济类型
企业规模
流动工人
职业卫生
Economic type
Scale
Migrant workers
Occupational hygiene
