摘要
目的:分析肥皂局部清洗皮试效果。方法:将180例住院患者随机分为局部肥皂清洗组、75%乙醇组和0.5%碘伏组各60例;局部肥皂清洗组:清洗部位为前臂掌侧下1/3处,面积10 cm×10 cm。先用干肥皂搓至起泡沫,时间≥15s,再用流动水冲净,反复2次,待干;75%乙醇组:以穿刺点为中心,由中心向外螺旋式擦拭,直径10 cm×10 cm;0.5%碘伏组:皮肤准备同75%乙醇组;3组患者皮肤待干后均将5 cm×5 cm的标准灭菌规格板,放在被检皮肤处,用浸有含相应中和剂的无菌洗脱液的棉拭子1支,在规格板内横竖往返均匀涂搽各5次,并随之转动棉拭子,剪去手接触部位后,将棉拭子投入10 mL含相应中和剂的无菌洗脱液的试管内,立即送检。置于37℃培养箱内72 h后观察结果,菌落计数(cfu/cm2)表示。采样后3组患者均做青霉素皮试。20 min后进行结果判断。结果:局部肥皂清洗组无细菌样本数与其他两组比较,差异无统计学意义P>0.05,局部肥皂清洗组的假阳性率最低,与其他两组相比,差异有统计学意义P<0.05。结论:皮试局部肥皂清洗替代化学消毒剂进行皮试前皮肤的准备,此法经济、安全、实用、便捷,假阳性率低,值得临床推广应用。
Objective：To analyze the skin test effect of soap local washing.Methods：180 inpatients were randomly divided into the soap local washing group,75% alcohol group and 0.5% iodophor group,60 cases in each group.The soap local washing group：washing part was lower 1/3 portion in forearm palmar side with the area of 10 cm×10cm.First,dry soap was used to twist till getting foam for ≥15 s.Then,running water was used for washing down twice and drying.75% alcohol group： with the puncture point as centre,to wipe with screw type from the centre to outside with diameter of 10 cm×10 cm.0.5% iodophor group： skin preparation was same to 75% alcohol group.After skin washing and the skin drying,sample collecting was performed with cotton swab for culture.After sampling,the patients in 3 groups were performed the skin test of penicillin.The result was judged in 20 min.Results：The non-bacteria sample number in the local washing group had no statistical difference as compared with other two groups（P0.05）.The false positive rate in the soap local washing group was lowest,showing statistical difference as compared with the other two groups（P0.05）.Conclusion：Soap washing in the skin test part replaces chemical disinfectant for skin preparation before skin test.This method is economic,safe,practical and convenient with low false positive rate,which is worthy of clinical application and dissemination.
出处
《现代医药卫生》
2011年第8期1156-1157,共2页
Journal of Modern Medicine & Health
关键词
肥皂
局部清洗
皮试效果
Soap
Local washing
Skin test effect
