摘要
目的了解影响中小学教师工作紧张反应的因素及不同个体特征对工作紧张程度的影响。方法采用分层整群随机抽样的方法,抽取乌鲁木齐市11所中小学教师851人进行问卷调查。结果组织支持缺乏：40岁-年龄段高于20岁-和30岁-年龄段,20年-工龄段高于10年-和〈10年工龄段,高级职称高于初级职称,女性高于男性（均P〈0.05）;工作紧张和工作压力：男性（2.34±0.51;1.96±0.51）高于女性（2.19±0.59;1.85±0.55,均P〈0.05）;影响中小学教师工作紧张主要的因素有时间压力、负性生活事件、环境紧张因素（如噪声、工作场所小等）、任务危险性、任务不确定性、以及客观支持和对支持利用度缺乏问题（均P〈0.05）。结论年龄越大、工龄越长、组织支持越缺乏,工作紧张反应有着明显的性别差异,工作任务本身和社会生活紧张因素影响工作紧张反应。
Objective To investigate the stress factors and strain levels to the job in teachers of primary and middle schools.Methods 851 participants were sampled with stratified cluster random methods from 11 primary and middle schools in Urumqi.Participants were asked to fill out questionnaires.Results The results showed that the scores of lack of organizational support（LS） in over 40-year-old group were significantly higher than those in 20-and 30-year-old subjects,and that in 20-year-service group were higher than those in over and under 10-year-service groups（P0.05）.LS were also higher in high ranking and female tea-chers（P0.05）.There were significant gender differences in job stress and job pressure（male vs female,2.34±0.51 vs 2.19±0.59;1.96±0.51 vs 1.85±0.55）.The main influencing factors of job stress were time pressure,negative life events,environment stressors（such as noise,small working space）,accident risk,mission uncertainty,lack of subject support and support availability（P0.05）.Conclusion There were significant gender difference in job stress.The higher the age or longer the length of services,the lower the organization support.Work type and negative life events were also important to aggravate the job stress.
出处
《中国职业医学》
CAS
北大核心
2011年第2期120-122,共3页
China Occupational Medicine
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(30833906)
新疆维吾尔自治区教育厅青年科研启动基金项目(XJEDU009S50)
新疆维吾尔自治区卫生厅青年科研启动基金项目(2007Y05)
关键词
中小学教师
工作紧张
个体特征
Primary and middle schools teachers
Job stress
Personal character
