摘要
一、前言本文的“Pseudocardiniidae”包括前人建立的Acyrena,Pseudocardinia,Jiangxiella,Hamiconcha,Kija,Apseudocardinia,Yananoconcha,Hunanella,Xinyuella,Fengjiachonia和Lilingell 11属。其中除Lilingella的壳形、壳饰较特殊外,其余属的壳形、壳饰和内部构造基本上是相同的,其产出层位均在上三叠统至下、中侏罗统。它们分布在苏联的西伯利亚、远东和我国的广大地区。瓣鳃类工作者对它们的研究甚多,如(1937),(1958),(1959)(1958),(1959)
The 'Pseudocardiniidae' mentioned in this article include 11 previously established genera, namely, Acyrena, Pseudocardinia, Jingxiella, Hamiconcha, Kija, Apseudocardinia, Hunanella, Yananoconcha, Xinyuella, Fengjiachonia and Lilingella, Except Lilingella which is different in shape and surface sculpture. all the other genera are almost the same not only in shape and surface sculpture but in internal structure as well. And the horizon of Upper Triassic series in which they were found is similar to the Lower—Middle Jurassic series. They are distributed in Siberia, the Far East of USSR and China. Over the past years. many researchers have made lots of studies on Lamellibranchia, including B. I. Chernyshev (1937), I. V. Lebedev (1958), G. G. Martinson (1959), C. M. Kolesnikov (1974), Z. W. Gu et al. (1976), S. Y. Cai and W. Z. Liu (1978), C. W. Xiong and S. Y. Wang (1980), J. H. Chen and M. Y, Xu (1980), J. S. Yu et al. (1980); S. B. Wu (1981), L. Liu and J. H. chen (1981), and Q. H. Ma (1988). In articles, illustrations and books by above mentioned authors, sometimes the very same thing might be given different names, and thus these authors have created many new genera and new species, which greatly affect the deepgoing research of Paleontology and Geology. The present writer takes the Xinhu Formation in Gansu as the ground to illustrate that it is more reasonable to regard the difference in pseudocar(USSR) as synonymous, while the hinge structure and muscle scar system in Jingxiella and. Hamiconcha estabished by the Chinese Lamelibranchia researchers are also the same as in Acyrena, and therefore, they can also be regarded as synonymous with it. Some small lamellibranchs found from the Ziliujing Formation in Sichuan were determined as Pseudocardinia, Tutuella, Utschamiella and Sibireconcha But the writer has found the their shapes, surface sculpture internal structure are all the same as in kija (USSR,). In addition, the internal structure of Apseudocardinia, Yunanoconcha, Hunanella, Xinyuella and Fengjiachonia newly established by the Chinese scholars are also the same as in kija. Therefore they can also be regarded as synonymous with the latter. Judging from the accumulated data, the writer considers that 'Pseudocardiniidae' were probably developed from Unionites, Trigonodus and Guangdongella which were normal in Triassic series. During Upper Jurassic series to Cretaceous they were separately developed to Limnocyrena Neomiodonoides and Gensuella. The Sphaerium and Corbicula in Cenozoic Rocks are most likely their descendants. The Hinge formula of both Acyrena and kija can be expressed as A_Ⅲ A_Ⅰ 3_a 1_a 1_b 3_b P_Ⅰ P_Ⅲ/A_Ⅱ (A_0) 2_a 2_b (4_b) P_Ⅱ usually with. variations in hinge teeth e. g.: (1) pseudocardinal and, Cardinal teeth: 1_a, 1_b triangular in form, semetimes convexs clavate or connecting with 3_b to form a curve; 4_b sonetimes invisble (2) Lateral teeth: A_Ⅰ, A_Ⅱand A_Ⅲ often changing in length and form, sometimes from short slice to long slice; P_Ⅰ, P_Ⅱ and P_Ⅲ stable, beginning form behind the posterior ligament. (3) Striation of teeth: Teeth sides ofA_Ⅰ, A_Ⅱ, A_Ⅲ and 1_a, 1_b with striae 2_a, 2_b;3_a, 3_b with crenulation, sometimes invisble or smooth; teeth sides of P_Ⅰ, P_Ⅱ and P_Ⅲ usually showing smooth, bur sometimes with thin crenulation. (4) 1_b, 2_b, 3_b being separated by smooth hinge plate from P_Ⅰ, P_Ⅱ,P_Ⅲ, but differet in widths, with shorter ones wider and longer ones narrower. Kija not only is smaller, and thinner than Acyrena, but also has a narrower hinge plate and weak hinge teeth Besides, Kija and Acyrena are from different origins and have experienced different evolutionary processes (see Text-fig. 13).
出处
《古生物学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
1989年第5期604-616,698-699,共13页
Acta Palaeontologica Sinica
