摘要
目的了解深圳居民的膳食结构、营养素摄入现状,为制定卫生政策和指导居民合理饮食提供科学依据。方法 2009年6—7月,运用多阶段整群随机抽样法,抽取深圳市8个行政区中73个社区,每个社区抽取120户居民中15岁以上常住居民(每户随机抽1人,共8 782人),再从中抽取50%对象进行膳食调查。采用食物频率法获取调查对象过去1年各种食物食用频率和食用量。结果共调查3 500人。深圳居民平均每标准人日摄入豆类、水果、奶类分别为15.4、154.3、95.4 g,低于推荐食物摄入量;畜禽肉类、食用油、食盐分别为169.3、41.1、6.6 g,高于推荐食物摄入量。深圳居民每标准人日摄入能量2 537.8 kcal,占RNIs的112.8%;蛋白质、脂肪、碳水化合物的摄入量分别为86.01、10.7、293.2 g,提供能量的比例分别为13.6%、39.2%、47.2%;核黄素和硫胺素摄入量分别为1.2、1.0 mg,分别占RNIs的92.3%和76.9%;钙和钠的摄入量分别为689.74、129.9mg,分别占RNIs的86.2%和187.7%。动物性食物提供的蛋白质占48.8%,脂肪中动物性脂肪占54.7%。结论深圳居民能量、蛋白质、脂肪及大多数营养素的摄入量基本充足,但钙、核黄素和硫胺素的摄入仍然不足,且脂肪的摄入量过多,而碳水化合物的摄入量不足。仍需加强合理营养、平衡膳食的宣传教育,防止营养相关慢性病发病率持续上升。
Objective To understand current status of dietary patterns,nutrient intakes of residents in Shenzhen,providing a scientific basis for making health policy and developing intervention strategy. Methods A total of 8 782 residents were selected by four-stage randomized cluster sampling in June-July 2009,and then 50% of them were selected for dietary investigation randomly.Food frequency questionnaire were used to obtain the frequency and consumption of food in the past 1 year. Results A total of 3 500 people were investigated.The average daily intakes of bean products,fruits,and dairy foods taken by the residents in Shenzhen were 15.4,154.3,95.4 g,respectively,less than the recommended food intake;those of meat,oil,and salt,169.3,41.1,and 6.6 g respectively,higher than the recommended food intake.The average daily energy intake was 2 537.8 kcal,accounted for 112.8% of the Chinese Recommended Nutrient Intake（RNI）.The intakes of protein,fat and carbohydrate were 86.0,110.7 and 293.2g and providing 13.6 %,39.2%,and 47.2% of energy respectively.The average intake of riboflavine,thiamine,calcium,and sodium were 1.2,1.0,689.7,and 4 129.9mg,accounted for 92.3%,76.9%,86.2% and 187.7% of the RNI,respectively.Animal food provided 48.8% of protein.Animal fat accounted for 54.7% of dietary fat. Conclusion The average intakes of energy,protein,fat and most of nutrients per reference man per day were adequate in the residents of Shenzhen,but those of calcium,riboflavine,and thiamine were low.The dietary pattern is not reasonable in Shenzhen.It＇s important to implement health promotion program to prevent nutrition-related diseases in urban population.
出处
《华南预防医学》
2011年第1期25-28,共4页
South China Journal of Preventive Medicine
关键词
流行病学研究
膳食调查
营养状况
Epidemiologic methods
Diet surveys
Nutritional status
