摘要
目的:探讨5岁以下婴幼儿病毒性腹泻的危险因素。方法:采用性别、年龄匹配的1∶2配对病例对照研究,对江苏省徐州、镇江市县级医疗机构2007年10月至2008年10月收治的5岁以下腹泻儿童500例和对照儿童1 000例进行问卷调查,腹泻的病原体采用酶联免疫吸附剂测定(enzyme linked immunosorbent assay,ELISA)或反转录PCR(reverse transcription-PCR,RT-PCR)进行检测确认。数据采用Cox比例风险模型拟合Logistic回归。结果:单因素分析显示病毒性腹泻患儿的城乡差异、父母受教育程度、职业、家庭饮食卫生(包括厨房水池有无、菜刀板使用习惯、做饭人洗手习惯)、宠物饲养、接触动物、服用抗生素这些变量与病毒性腹泻的发生有统计学关联。未发现既往病史、轮状疫苗接种史等因素与病毒性腹泻的相关性。拟合多变量Logistic回归模型,厨房水池有无、菜刀板使用习惯、服用抗生素,其OR(95%CI)分别为0.340～0.852、0.295～0.705、2.153～6.227。结论:较差饮食卫生习惯、抗生素使用可能增加病毒性腹泻发生的危险性。
Objective： To assess the risk factors of viral diarrhea among children below 5 years old.Methods：A case-control study was conducted on two groups of children matched by sex,age with or without viral diarrhea from hospitals in Xuzhou and Zhenjiang area.The pathogen of diarrhea was confirmed by ELISA and RT-PCR methods.Interview was carried out with uniform designed questionnaires.Cox’s proportional hazards regression analysis was then performed.Results：Factors that were independently associated with the development of viral diarrhea,would include children’s address,weight,parents’ Schooling and profession,washing-up sink in kitchen,cutting cooked and uncooked foods by different kitchen knife and target,raising pets,cooker washing hands before cook,the children contacting animals and taking antibiotics one week ago before diarrhea.Anamnesis and rotavirus vaccine inoculation were not found associating with viral diarrhea.Multivariate logistic regression model was then fitted with three variables,including washing-up sink in kitchen,cutting cooked and uncooked foods by different kitchen knife and target,taking antibiotics one week ago before diarrhea.The 95% CI of OR was 0.340～0.852,0.295～0.705 and 2.153～6.227 separately.Conclusion：The risk of viral diarrhea increased with worse hygienic habits and antibiotics taken.
出处
《南京医科大学学报（自然科学版）》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2011年第2期279-282,共4页
Journal of Nanjing Medical University(Natural Sciences)
