摘要
珠江洪水的特征：一是峰高、量大、历时长，二是洪水遭遇情况复杂，三是西江、北江、东江洪水特性差异较大。珠江洪患严重，进入90年代以来，流域内频发大洪水、特大洪水，造成了极大的损失。近20a来，由于筑堤防洪，修建桥梁、码头、管线，河道淤积，河口无序围垦，以及在河道内过量采砂，使河道发生了很大变化，同时引起水情变化。在流域防洪方面，虽然防洪工程建设做出很大成绩，取得了巨大的防洪减灾效益，但防洪工程体系仍存在不少问题。根据珠江流域防洪减灾近远期目标，建议采取如下措施：修订流域防洪规划，优化防洪减灾总体布局；抓好堤防建设；加快河口治理、河道疏浚整治；建设防洪水库、抓紧病险水库的除险加固；搞好水土流失治理，涵养水源，改善生态环境，落实《水利产业政策》，努力拓宽资金渠道；加强非工程措施建设和防洪减灾政策研究。
The flood of Pearl River shows characteristics of high peak, high water flow, long lasting time, complicated flood regime and obvious flood feature difference between Xjiang, Beijiang and Dongjiang Rivers. The PearlRiver is suffering from serious flood disaster. During 1990s, the Pearl River basin suffered from frequent ordinary flood and severe flood, causing great property loss. In recent twenty years, tremendous changes of the river channel have taken place caused by the construction of bridges, wharves and tube lines and unreasonable estuary reclamation as well as excessive sand dredging in river channel.At same time water regime has changed greatly. Although the Pearl River basin has gained great achievements in construction of flood control projects and also the effects of flood control and disaster mitigation are noticeable, there are still many existed problems of flood control system.According to the short-time target of flood control in Pearl River basin, following countermeasures are put forward in this paper: revising the flood control plan, optimizing the overall arrangement of flood contro and disaster mitigation, giving importance on levee construction, fastening the progress of estuary treatment and river channel drudging, construction flood control reservoirs, rein forcing the damaged reservoirs,strengthening the treatment of water loss and soil erosion, protecting water souce, improving the ecological environment, putting the rule of 'Policy of Water Conservancy Industry'into practice, increasing the flood control investment, strengthening the non-engineering countermeasures and research on disaster mitigation policy.
出处
《人民珠江》
1999年第4期12-18,共7页
Pearl River
关键词
防洪减灾
洪水
水灾
防洪工程
对策
珠江流域
flood control and disaster mitigation flood flood disaster flood control projects countermeasures Pearl River basin
