摘要
目的了解北京市密云县麻疹流行特点和流行现状,为消除麻疹提供科学依据。方法采用描述性流行病学方法对密云县2005～2009年确诊麻疹病例进行流行病学分析。结果 2005～2009年密云县累计发生麻疹病例127例,年平均发病率为5.24/10万。麻疹发病以散发和暴发并存,12月～次年5月为麻疹高发季节,占全年总病例数的88.98%;本地麻疹发病主要集中在<1岁组和≥30岁年龄组,流动人口发病主要集中在15～30岁;共发生2起暴发疫情,均为外来人口较多的工厂。有麻疹疫苗免疫史的发病22例,占总病例数的20.56%;38例属于流动人口,89例为本地人口,流动人口与本地人口免疫史差异有统计学意义。结论 <8月龄仍为麻疹防控的重点人群,城乡结合部和山区应切实做好外来务工人员麻疹疫苗接种工作,重点防控外来人口中的麻疹暴发疫情;对本地适龄成人进行麻疹疫苗强化免疫,提高成人麻疹疫苗接种率,加强成人麻疹的预防控制。
Objective To understand epidemiological characteristics and current situation of measles in Miyun county of Beijing to provide scientific evidence for measles elimination.Methods Epidemiological characteristics of measles in Miyun County during 2005-2009 were described and analyzed.Results One hundred and twenty-seven cases of measles were reported in Miyun County during 2005-2009,with an average annual incidence of 5.24/100000.Both sporadic and outbreak cases occurred there,with peaks in the last December to the next May,which accounted for 88.9 percent of the total annual cases.Indigenous measles occurred mainly in the groups aged less than one year and 30 years or over,and migrants＇measles cases occurred mainly in those aged 15 to 30 years.Two outbreaks of measles occurred,both in factories aggregated with migrant workers.Twenty-two cases of measles were vaccinated previously,accounting for 20.56 percent of the total cases.Thirty-eight cases were from migrants and 89 from local residents.There was remarkable difference in immunization history between migrants and local residents.Conclusion Babies less than eight months old are still a key group in measles control and prevention.Measles vaccination should be prioritized at migrant group living in intersection of urban and rural areas and mountainous areas,with emphasis on prevention and control of alien measles outbreaks.And,revaccination in local adult residents of the suitable age for vaccination should be intensified to improve their coverage.
出处
《首都公共卫生》
2010年第6期251-253,共3页
Capital Journal of Public Health
关键词
麻疹
流行病学
北京
Measles
Epidemiology
Beijing
