摘要
对伊犁河流域新垦区杨麦复合及单作系统水分生态特性进行了试验研究。结果显示:(1)小麦需水关键期,灌水后1～2d,两系统麦田0—44cm土层土壤湿度增加了5%左右,复合系统土壤剖面下层(110—154cm)土壤含水量增幅较单作地大。(2)复合系统在水平方向上S2测点小麦吸水根分布最少,垂直方向上20—30cm土层杨树与小麦根系分布最多,两种植物对水分、养分吸收的竞争最激烈。(3)单作小麦千粒重比复合小麦高4.56%,复合型麦田S12测点处小麦千粒重为S2测点处的1.11倍。(4)复合型比单作型小麦的蒸腾速率日均值低30.8g/(m2.h),比麦田100cm3土面日蒸发量低1.07g/d,比日均温低0.46℃左右,比土温低0.24℃～1.20℃。研究结果从水分利用角度为杨麦复合立体经营模式在伊犁河流域水土开发区的可行性和持续性发展提供了理论支持。
Ecological experiments on soil moisture in poplar-wheat complex and wheat monoculture（CK）pattern were conducted in the reclamation areas of Ili River basin.Results showed that（1）1～2 days after irrigation,soil humidity in plough layer（0—44 cm）in the two systems was increased by 5% and the increase of soil water content in lower layer（110—154 cm）in poplar-wheat complex system was greater than that in the CK.（2）There was less root distribution at the S2 spot in parallel direction in poplar-wheat complex system and the most of wheat and poplar roots were distributed in 20—30 cm soil layer in vertical direction,which have greatest competition for water and nutrition from soil.（3）The 1 000-grain weight in the CK was 4.56% more than that in poplar-wheat complex ecosystem and the 1000-grain weight of wheat at the S12 spot was 1.11 times that at the S2 spot in the poplar-wheat complex pattern.（4）Compared with the CK,diurnal mean value of transpiration rate in poplar-wheat complex system was 30.8 g/（m2·h）lower,diurnal evaporate amount was 1.07 g/d lower,diurnal average of air temperature was about 0.46 ℃ lower,and soil temperature was 0.24 ℃～1.20 ℃ lower.In view of water use,this study provides a theoretical support for feasibility and continuity of poplar-wheat complex ecosystem in the water and soil development areas of Ili River basin.
出处
《水土保持通报》
CSCD
北大核心
2010年第6期36-40,共5页
Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation
基金
"十一五"国家科技支撑计划项目"伊犁河谷水土流失综合治理关键技术开发与示范"(2007BAC15B07-1)
关键词
杨麦复合系统
小麦单作系统
土壤水分
生态效应
poplar-wheat complex ecosystem
wheat monoculture system
soil moisture
ecological benefit
