摘要
为了探讨叶片衰老表现型及其影响的相关因素,为水稻抗早衰栽培技术及抗早衰新品种选育提供依据,选用了18个杂交稻组合,抽穗后常规水分和限水管理,探讨供试组合叶面积、叶干重、叶绿素含量(SPAD值)、叶片N含量等性状衰减类型和衰老频度。结果表明,供试组合叶面积、叶干重、叶片N含量、叶绿素含量表现3种衰减类型,强衰减型组合(A型)、次强衰减型组合(B型)和慢衰减型组合(C型)。A型和C型组合不同年份叶衰老性状表现较稳定,B型组合在不同年份的某些性状表现衰减加剧或减缓,衰减变化程度不同组合表现不尽相同。叶绿素衰减与叶片N素和根系伤流的衰减极显著正相关。叶片N含量的衰减、叶片的衰老频度与根系伤流下降率和茎鞘叶物质输出率极显著正相关。认为衰老频度涵盖灌浆结实期单位时间内高效叶面积、叶干重、叶绿素含量3个指标的下降率,可作为评估叶片早衰程度的指标;杂交稻后期叶片衰老存在不同类型,叶片的衰老频度受根系活力的衰减和源器官物质转运率的影响。
The pattern and impacting factors of leaf senescence were studied to provide the reference for the planting technology and breeding to resist premature senescence in rice. Eighteen of hybrid rice combinations were used. The limited and conventional irrigantion managements were compared after the heading of rice. The decline percentage of leaf area,dry weight,N content,and chlorophyl content （SPAD value） were determined so as to appoach to leaf senescence and senescent frequency. There were three types of decline patterns：rapid decline （type A）,intermediate decline （type B）,and slow decline （type C）. The leaf senescence indicators in type A and C exhibited consistent. Some indicators in type B changed at different speed during different years and decline degrees varied. Positive correlation was found between the decline rates of chlorophyll and N contents in leaves and xylem sap of roots. The decreasing rates of N content in leaves,senescent frequency were positively related with the matter output ratio of culm,sheath and leaves and xylem sap of roots. The senescent frequency including the decline rate of leaf area,dry matter and chlorophyll content at the early filling phase can be used as an indicator of premature senescence. Leaf senescence of hybrid rice showed different patterns during the grain filling stage. The senescent rate was affected by the decrease of root activities and matter output ratio of culm,sheath and leaves. The stress of limited irrigation speeded up the course of leave senescence.
出处
《江西农业大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2010年第6期1081-1088,1096,共9页
Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Jiangxiensis
基金
科技部十一·五科技支撑计划重大项目(2006BAD02A04)
国家自然科学基金(30860317)
江西省教育厅(GJJ09168)资助
关键词
杂交稻
叶片
衰老频度
衰老类型
关联因素
hybrid rice
leaves
senescence type
relationship factor
senescent frequency
