摘要
2009年6~10月,在大理市洱源县邓川镇中和村坡耕地上,开展6种种植模式（顺坡种植、横坡种植、横坡种植＋盖膜、横坡种植＋秸秆覆盖、横坡种植＋生物覆盖、格网垄作,依次表示为DT、CT、CT＋PF、CT＋S、CT＋IS、RT）水土保持试验。结果表明：在相同施肥及管理条件下,DT水土流失严重,径流、泥沙、氮、磷的总流失量均为最大,分别为447.7 m3/hm2、39 802.9 kg/hm2、123.2 kg/hm2、21.3 kg/hm2,CT、CT＋PF、CT＋S、CT＋IS、RT与DT相比具有明显的水土保持作用,可以减少径流16.25%~35.2%,减少泥沙流失84.4%~88.34%,减少水土流失总量21.95%~42.42%,总氮流失减少17.69%~44.07%,总磷流失减少26.29%~59.62%;其中CT＋IS模式水土保持效果最优,CT、CT＋PE、CT＋S、CT＋IS、RT几种模式与DT相比,玉米产量有1.7%~18.6%的增产,增产最大的为CT＋S,增产最少的为CT。
Experiments were set by six different agronomic measures（Down slope tillage,Cross slope tillage,Cross slope tillage with plastic film mulching,Cross slope tillage with straw mulching,Cross slope tillage with biological mulching,Grid ridge tillage expressed as DT,CT,CT＋PE,CT＋S,CT＋IS,RT,respectively） in sloping farmland on Zhonghe village,Dengchuan town,Eryuan county,Dali Autonomous Prefecture in June-October 2009.The results showed that in the same conditions of fertilization and management,DT is the largest total loss model on soil erosion,runoff,sediment,nitrogen and phosphorus,respectively 447.7 m3/hm2,39802.9 kg/hm2,123.2 kg/hm2,21.3 kg/hm2.Compared with DT,CT,CT＋PF,CT＋S,CT＋IS and RT were better for soil and water conservation,they could reduce runoff,sediment,soil erosion,nitrogen and phosphorus loss by 16.25 %-35.2 %,84.4 %-88.34 %,21.95 %-42.42 %,17.69 %-44.07 % and 26.29 %-59.62 %,respectively.CT＋IS model is the best one on soil and water conservation.Compared with DT,CT,CT＋PF,CT＋S,CT＋IS and RT could increase maize yield by 1.7 %-18.6 %.The maximum yield was CT＋S,and the minimum yield was CT.
出处
《西南农业学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2010年第6期1939-1943,共5页
Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences
基金
国家"十一五"重大水专项-洱海治理项目(2008ZX07105-002)
关键词
农业面源污染
坡耕地
种植模式
水土流失
养分流失
Agricultural non-point source pollution
Sloping farmland
Tillage model
Soil erosion
Nutrient loss
