视觉反馈对结果反馈时间点适宜值的影响被引量：5

The Effect of Vision Feedback on the Temporal Locus of Knowledge of Results

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摘要采用两维复杂电脑追踪任务,探讨视觉反馈对结果反馈(KR)时间点适宜值的影响。抽取150名右利手的在校大学生,随机分为3组:KR反馈组、视觉+KR组和视觉组,每组男女各25名。练习持续3天,每天练习30次。练习期间视觉组不获得KR反馈,而KR反馈组和视觉+KR组研究参与者分别在即刻反馈、延迟2 s反馈、4 s反馈、7 s反馈、9 s反馈条件下练习任务。第3天练习结束后休息10min,3组研究参与者进行无KR保持测试。一天后,再进行无KR的保持测试。结果显示:1)个体可以获得视觉反馈时,延迟提供KR有助于技能的学习(在本实验任务条件下延迟7 s为宜),而无法获得视觉反馈时,即刻提供KR利于技能的学习;2)与剥夺视觉相比,获得视觉反馈时,提供KR的适宜时机应延迟。以上结果还提示:视觉等内部反馈信息是自身觉察错误能力形成的信息基础,在无法获得这些关键信息时,个体自身觉察错误能力形成的难度增大。应及时提供KR以帮助个体形成自身的觉察错误能力。 This study examined the effect of vision feedback on the temporal locus of knowledge of results.150 undergraduates were divided into three groups： KR feedback group,vision ＋KR feedback group and vision feedback group（each group was gender-balanced designed）.During three days of acquisition,KR feedback group and vision ＋ KR feedback group performed the tracking task with feedback provided under the following conditions：（a） immediate KR,（b） 2s KR-delay,（c）4s KR-delay,（d） 7s KR-delay,（e） 9s KR-delay,while vision feedback group is depriving of KR.Retention tests of tracking accuracy in absence of KR were administered 10 min and 24 hours following acquisition.And the results showed that：（a） when person is not deprived of vision,the delayed KR enhances motor learning（on the conditions of this study,the 7s-delay is best）;（b） there is interaction between the providing vision feedback and the optimum of KR-delay interval.Compared with depriving of vision,the optimal temporal locus of KR should delay when person is not deprived of vision.Furthermore,the results indicated that the ocular information structures the information base of subjective error-detection capabilities.The subjective error-detection capabilities are more difficultly developed on the non-vision conditions,the optimal temporal locus of KR should bring forward to enhance the individual＇s ability of error detecting.

作者金亚虹章建成任杰

机构地区天津体育学院健康与运动科学系上海体育学院

出处《北京体育大学学报》 CSSCI 北大核心 2010年第12期68-71,97,共5页 Journal of Beijing Sport University

关键词运动技能学习追踪任务 KR时间点自身觉察错误能力视觉反馈 motor learning tracking task the temporal locus of KR subjective error-detection capabilities vision feedback

分类号 B842 [哲学宗教—基础心理学]

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