摘要
用大豆分离蛋白、葡萄糖等配制半纯合基础日粮，分别添加０（ 缺锌），１２０（ 对照） ，１ ２００ｍｇ／ｋｇ（ 高锌） 的日粮喂给３ 组共１２０ 只１ 日龄商品代艾维茵肉仔鸡。检测Ｔ、Ｂ 淋巴细胞转化率，ＮＤＶ 和ＭＤＶ 抗体的ＥＬＩＳＡ 效价以及法氏囊、胸腺、脾脏重和体重等，并进行显微和超微结构观察。结果表明：（１） 缺锌鸡出现明显的缺锌症状，如脱毛、胫骨短粗、生长阻滞、胃溃疡等；高锌组鸡幼龄时普遍出现肌胃溃疡。（２） 缺锌鸡终体重极显著低于对照组（ Ｐ＜ ００１） ，高锌组鸡体重介于缺锌和对照组之间。（３） 缺锌鸡胸腺、脾脏、法氏囊重量均明显低于对照组（ Ｐ＜ ００５） ，高锌也抑制了免疫器官的发育。（４）Ｔ 细胞对丝裂原Ｃｏｎ Ａ、Ｂ细胞对丝裂原ＬＰＳ刺激的反应性均为缺锌组和高锌组明显低于对照组（ Ｐ＜ ００５） 。（５） 缺锌组ＮＤＶ 和ＭＤＶ 的抗体效价显著低于对照组（ Ｐ＜ ００５） ，高锌组介于二者之间；（６） 显微镜观察表明，胸腺、脾脏、法氏囊、派伊尔氏结、哈氏腺、盲肠扁桃体中的淋巴细胞数明显减少，网状内皮细胞变性坏死，淋巴细胞出现打孔现象（ 星空状） ，淋巴滤泡明显减少。（７） 电镜观察显示：胸腺。
one day old Avian broilers were divided randomly into three groups with three replications per group,and fed the semipured diet composed of the isolated soybean protein,glucose,starch and so on with supplementation of 0(-Zn),120(control)and 1200mg/kg(+Zn)Zinc,respectively.Chicks were injected subcutaneously with 0.2 ml of Mareks Disease Virus(MDV)vaccine at 1d and 14d,and were instilled(inoculated)with Newcastle Disease Virus(NDV)vaccine through nostril and eye at 7d and 14d.The immune parameters and histology were examined.The results showed that(1)feather fraying and abnormal feather development,and long bone deformities in Zn deficient chicks(P<0 05).(2)The body weight in Zn deficient chicks was lower than that in control ones(P<0 01)by 43 or 49 days of age.(3)Weights of thymus,spleen and the bursa of Fabricius was decreased significantly in Zn deficient group(P<0 05),and their weights only were 1/2～/1/3 of control chicks.Excess Zn also depressed the development of immune organs.(4)Zn deficient or excess Zn reduced clearly(P<0 05)the response of T lymphocyte to mitogen Con A or Blymphocyte to mitogen LPS.(5)The results by optical microscopy found,compared with controls,in Zn deficient chicks the follicules and the counts of lymphocyte reduced significantly in the thymus,spleen,bursa of Fabricius,gland of Harderian,Peyers patches and cecal tonsil.Reticular cell necrosis severely,and cysts appeared.Within spleen,the white pulp atrophied.The observation under electron microsopy showed that mitochondrial and endoplasmic reticulum of lymphocytes in spleen,thymus and bursa of Fabricius in Zn deficient chicks were swelling and deformity,and lymphocyte membrane was damaged.(6)In comparision with the control,ELISA antibody titers to NDV and MDV in serum at 19,25,31,37,43 and 49d were decreased in chicks fed the -Zn and +Zn diet(P<0 05).The above result showd that Zn deficiency decreased cellular immunity and humoral immunity in broilers.
出处
《畜牧兽医学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
1999年第6期504-512,共9页
ACTA VETERINARIA ET ZOOTECHNICA SINICA
关键词
锌
免疫器官
体液免疫
细胞免疫
生产性能
肉鸡
Zinc,Immune organs,Humoral immunity,Celluar immunity,Proformance,Modulation development
