摘要
DEA是根据采集到的原始数据来评价具有多个输入、多个输出的复杂的经济体(定义为决策单元DMU)的评价方法,DEA模型的主要组成部分包括决策单元和输入、输出指标。炼油企业具有多输入、多输出的特性,因此可以采用DEA模型进行评价,其经济效益评价指标体系具体指标包括固定资产净值、单位完全费用、利税额、工业增加值、原油加工能力、人力资源效率、原油加工量和综合商品率。选择某石油公司下属22家炼油企业作为决策单元DMU,以各家企业某年的相关数据为基础,应用C2R模型进行经济效益评价。评价结果表明,选取的22家炼化企业中,达到技术规模有效的有11家,它们无论在技术还是规模上,投入和产出均达到了均衡状态;技术规模相对非有效的也有11家,这表明它们在经营过程中存在浪费和生产能力没有完全有效利用的现象,可利用投影分析法对其进行改进。建议通过炼油装置大型化,形成炼厂规模;改善装置结构,适应原油加工趋势;加强设备管理,提高装置利用率;采取积极措施,降低炼油成本;减员增效,提高人力资源效率等措施来提高企业经济效益。
Data envelopment analysis （DEA） is a method used to assess complex economy with multiple inputs and outputs （defined as the decision-making unit） using acquired original data.The main components of a DEA model include the decision-making unit （DMU） and input and output indicators.A refinery is characterized by multiple inputs and multiple outputs and therefore a DEA model can be used to assess a refinery. The specific indicators in the refinery economic result assessment indicator system include the net value of fixed assets,unit full cost,tax amount,industrial added value,crude oil processing capacity ,human resource efficiency,crude runs and comprehensive commodity rate.The article chooses 22 refineries of an oil company as the DMU and uses a C2R model to assess the operating results of these refineries based on the relevant data of each refinery in a year.The evaluation results show that the technical scales of 11 of the 22 refineries were valid.They achieved equilibrium between input and output in terms of technological scale.The other eleven refineries were relatively non-valid in terms of technological scale.This suggests that there is dissipation in operation and that their production capacities were not fully and effectively utilized.The projection analysis method can be used to improve this.Methods for improving the operating results of refineries inelude building large refining units to expand refinery scale,improving the structure of units to accommodate the trends in crude oil processing ,strengthening equipment management to raise the utilization efficiency of units, taking measures to reduce refining costs and cutting staff and raising their efficiency to enhance the efficiency of human resources.
出处
《中外能源》
CAS
2011年第2期81-85,共5页
Sino-Global Energy
关键词
数据包络分析
炼油企业
建模评价
投影分析
经济效益
data envelopment analysis
refinery
modeling assessment
projection analysis
operating results
