摘要
近数年来,围绕着驻冲绳美军基地,特别是普天间基地问题,美国、日本中央政府、冲绳地方政府两国三方之间发生了尖锐的冲突和争执。冲绳的民众为支持地方政府的政策再次掀起要求美军基地撤离的大规模群众运动。战后以来冲绳人一直在抗争试图减少基地甚至是实现无基地化,60多年过去了,冲绳仍然生活在基地当中。那么,冲绳问题在战后之初到底是如何形成的呢?从美日同盟的角度来探讨这个问题,可以看出,美日同盟的出现导致了冲绳问题的产生。《旧金山对日和约》结束了日本被占领状态,同时《美日安全条约》的签订确定了美日安保体制的法律框架,对冲绳来说更为重要的是《旧金山对日和约》第三条也成为美国统治冲绳的法律依据。也就是说,《旧金山和约》和《美日安全条约》结束了美日之间的敌对关系,并开启了两国之间的同盟关系,与此同时,美日安保体制的确立也就意味着冲绳问题的出现。
In recent years,there have been acute conflicts and disputes among the United States,the Japanese central government and local government in Okinawa about U.S.military bases in Okinawa,especially the Futenma base.In order to support local government,Okinawan held large-scale mass movement demanding withdrawal of U.S.military bases again.The Okinawan have been trying to reduce the base and even the base-free since World War II ending.However,they are still living at the base 60 years later.How did the Okinawa problem form？ This article will mainly discuss the question from the perspective of U.S.-Japan alliance.The key point is that the establishment of U.S.-Japan alliance gave birth to the Okinawa problem.San Francisco Peace Treaty ended the occupation of Japan,meanwhile,U.S.-Japan Security Treaty established the legal framework of the alliance,and article 3 of the former became the legal basis for the United States ruling Okinawa.In other words,the two treaties ended hostile relations between the U.S.and Japan,and established alliance between the two countries.At this turning point,Okinawa problem in the alliance came.
出处
《东北亚论坛》
CSSCI
北大核心
2011年第1期75-83,共9页
Northeast Asia Forum
基金
教育部人文社会科学项目"美国与东亚关系的历史演变"(03JB810005)
