摘要
目的 了解影响孕妇选择分娩方式倾向性的因素,为妊娠及分娩期的健康教育指明方向.方法 抽取2010年7月21日至8月3日在南京医科大学鼓楼临床学院产科门诊作产前检查的747例孕妇进行问卷调查,并对有关数据进行分析.结果 收回有效问卷740份（99.1%）.其中624名孕妇（84.3%）倾向于选择阴道分娩,112名孕妇（15.1%）倾向于选择剖宫产;影响孕妇选择分娩方式倾向性的主要因素包括：担心分娩失败再行剖宫产（59.1%）和担心分娩疼痛（48.8%）.研究生学历的孕妇选择阴道分娩的比例显著高于大学及大学以下学历者,差异有统计学意义（χ^2=13.29,P〈0.05）;年龄≥35的孕妇意愿阴道分娩的比例明显低于〈35岁年龄者,差异有统计学意义（χ^2=25.52,P〈0.05）.倾向于选择剖宫产的妇女对剖宫产手术存在认识误区,误认为剖宫产对胎儿最安全.结论 医务人员应加强对孕产妇的正面宣教和心理支持,指导孕期营养保健并积极开展分娩镇痛;同时,相关部门应向社会大众普及科学的分娩方式及相关知识,从而提高孕产妇自然分娩的意愿与信心,减少非医学指征的剖宫产.
Objective To find out factors that influence pregnant women to choose their inclined delivery patterns so as to provide guidance for prenatal health education. Methods 747 pregnant women who received prenatal examination in outpatient of Drum Tower Clinical Medical College, Nanjing Medical University in a period from July 21st to August 3rd , 2010 were surveyed with an unified questionnaire. The related data were analyzed statistically. Results Among 740 valid questionnaires （ 99. 1% ） collected in the survey, 646 pregnant women（ 84.3% ） were inclined to vaginal delivery whereas 112 pregnant women（ 15.1% ） prefered cesarean section. The main factors that influenced pregnant women＇ s choice of delivery patterns included ： fearing failure in vaginal delivery then having to choose cesarean section （54.8%） ; worring about labor pain during vaginal delivery （45.2%）. The proportion of pregnant women with master or doctor records of formal schooling who chose vaginal delivery was significantly higher than that of pregnant women with undergraduate or below records of formal schooling （χ^2 = 13.29, P 〈 0.05 ）. The proportion of pregnant women aged ≥35 years who were inclined to choose vaginal delivery was significantly lower than that of those with age less than 35 years （χ^2 = 25.52, P 〈 0.05 ）. In fact, those pregnant women who were inclined to choose cesarean section had some misunderstandings, they mistook for cesarean section being safer to their babies. Conclusion Medical staff should strengthen positive education and psychological support to pregnant women, provide them guidance on nutritional health and develop painless childbirth technique. Meanwhile, mass media should popularize scientific knowledge about patterns of delivery so as to encourage pregnant women＇ s willingness and confidence of natural vaginal delivery to reduce rate of cesarean section due to non medical indicators.
出处
《中国妇幼健康研究》
2010年第6期740-742,共3页
Chinese Journal of Woman and Child Health Research
关键词
分娩方式
健康教育
影响因素
调查
pattern of delivery
health education
influencing factor
survey
