摘要
当地下水开采引起地下水位埋深超过当地原生植被的适宜水位时就会诱发植被生态风险,对植被生态风险进行定量评价可以为保护生态环境和地下水资源可持续开采提供指导。以鄂尔多斯乌兰淖水源地为例,以大量的现状植被样方调查和水文地质调查成果为基础,选取高斯模型(基于植被数量生态学的生态关系模型)回归分析方法对乌兰淖水源地的地下水位埋深和植被数据进行分析,得到植被多度同地下水位埋深的数学模型并确定乌兰淖地区适宜生态水位,在此基础上建立以地下水位埋深为变量的植被生态风险评价指标。建立研究区地下水流数值模型对拟选开采方案开采时段的流场进行预报,依据未来开采条件下地下水位的变化程度,对植被生态风险进行计算并分区。从评价结果来看,乌兰淖地区在规划开采条件下植被生态安全区和低风险区占70%以上,对于高中风险区依据各种植被的适宜生态水位提出保护建议。
When the drawdown of groundwater is a bit more than the suitable water-level of native vegetation will cause risk of vegetation,quantitative evaluation of the ecological risks can provide guidance for the vegetation ecological environment protecting and sustainable exploitation of groundwater resources.Take an example of Wulannao water resources,the research is based on a great deal of the vegetation sampling survey and hydrogeological field survey results,selects the Gaussian regression analysis method base on the mathematics of vegetation ecology to analyze the depth to groundwater table and data of vegetation,obtain the mathematical relationship model and suitable ecological water-depth of Wulannao,and build indicators of ecological risk assessment which variable is the depth to groundwater table.Build up the numerical model of groundwater flow of study area.Use the model to select exploration program and predict flow net of future period.On the basis of changes in the level of water table causes by groundwater exploration,calculate the ecological risk of vegetation and part study area into different risk zone.From the result of risk assessment under current exploration condition can see that 70% of research area is safe zone and low risk zone.According to the suitable ecological water-depth to make recommendations to the middle-risk zone and high-risk zone.
出处
《吉林大学学报（地球科学版）》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2010年第6期1344-1352,共9页
Journal of Jilin University：Earth Science Edition
基金
中国地质调查局和内蒙古自治区人民政府省部合作项目(1212010734002)
关键词
地下水数值模拟
适宜生态水位
植被生态风险
地下水
开采
鄂尔多斯盆地
groundwater numerical simulation； suitable ecological water-level； vegetation ecological risk； groundwater； exploitation； Ordos basin
