摘要
随着高科技应用于 呼吸衰竭(呼哀)的病理生理和呼吸机的研究,发展无创性机械通气(负压通气、面罩正压通气),对大多数急性呼衰是一种安全有效的支持手段;为保证通气量、改善换气的氧合功能,以及减少通气机引起的容积气压伤和血流动力学的影响,发展了新型通气模式。机械通气已从控制通气向自主呼吸与其相结合转化、定容向压力调节控制与其相结合转化。根据不同疾病(慢阻肺、哮喘、ARDS等)呼衰的病理生理,合理应用各种通气模式,如PSV+SIMV+PEEP或Bi-CPAP、PRVCV等。
With the study in ap-plication of high scientific technology on pathophysiology and ventilator for respiratory failure, noninvasive mechanical ventilation (negative pressure ventilation, mask positive pressure ventilation) is a safe and effective support for ma|ority of acute respiratory failure. In order to assure minute ventilation, improvement of oxygenation and reduce the volume trauma and hemodynamic effect due to mechanical ventilation, new ventilatory modes were developed. Mechanical ventilation has been changed from simple control ventilation to the combination of this and spontaneous ventilation or from volume con-trol to the combination of this and pressure regulation. According to the pathophysiology of respiratory failure from different diseases (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, ARDS), various ventilatory modes, such as PSV+SIMV + PEEP or Bi-CPAP, PRVCV, are reasonably used.
关键词
慢性
阻塞性肺疾病
呼吸衰竭
机械通气
治疗
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, acute respiratory distress syndrome, respiratory failure, mechanical ventilation
