摘要
像象观和错综说,是来氏易学中的两大创见。来知德所谓的易象内涵,包含"事理之彷佛近似"和"可以想像"两个层面。这一像象观,是对《系辞传》以来的模写说、特别是朱熹易象说的一个重大发展和推进,其实质是对易模写说如何可能和如何建构这一问题所作的覃思和论说。错,在形式上指的是爻性皆对整相反的两个卦。综的形式则有两种:一是四正之卦在别卦中或上或下的变化;二是四隅之卦或一别卦与其颠倒后所得之卦之间的关系。而综的第一种形式,似从未有学者注意到和发明过。错、综虽形式各异,但二者得以确立的形上学理据却都是阴阳之理:错实质上是阴阳的相互对待,综则是阴阳的上下流行。在来氏易学中,错综不仅是取象条例,而且是卦序的内在建构原则。来知德的像象观和错综说,在易学史上具有非常重要的意义。
Views of simulacrum-image and Cuo zong （obversion and inversion） are two inventions in LAI＇s studies of Change. The connotations of the images so-called by LAI Zhi-de contain two levels of meanings： simulacrum and imaginablity. This point of view is an important development from the theory of simulation revealed in the Commentary of Xi Ci （Great Treatise） and particularly from ZHU Xi＇s imagery. It is in actuality a pondering and explication on the possibility of establishing the theory of simulation and how to establish it. Cuo formally refers to two mutually obversed hexagrams. Zong possesses two forms： One refers to the changes of the four cardinal trigrams （i.e.≡,■,■,and■） in the upper or lower positions of a hexagram; the other refers to the relationship between a hexagram and its inverted hexagram. It seems that the former case of the inversion had never noticed and explicated by scholars. Though the forms of Cuo and Zong differ from each other,the metaphysical principle for the establishment of them is principle of the changes between Yin and Yang： Cuo in actuality depends on the mutual oppositeness between Yin and Yang,while Zong reveals the flowing of Yin and Yang between the upper and lower positions. In LAI＇s studies of the Change,Cuo and Zong are not only formulae of images,but also the inner principle of the construction of the hexagrams＇ orders. However,LAI＇s view of simulacrum-image and theory of Cuo and Zong are of great significance in the history of the Yi studies.
出处
《周易研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2010年第4期48-57,共10页
Studies of Zhouyi
关键词
来知德
像象
错综
LAI Zhi-de
simulacrum-image
obversion and inversion
