摘要
为了解不同水分条件下追施氮肥对小麦生物量及氮素利用的效应,以洛旱6号和豫农202为材料,采用盆栽方法,研究了不同水分下追氮量对小麦生物量及氮素吸收、积累和分配的影响。结果表明,在全生育期正常供水(维持土壤相对重量含水量在80%～85%)和控水(维持土壤相对重量含水量在50%～55%)条件下,追氯分别增加和降低了小麦地上部的生物量、氮素累积量、籽粒产量和蛋白质产量。在正常供水下拔节期追施尿素0.08 g·kg^(-1)土处理的小麦氯吸收效率最高,控水下不追氮处理的小麦氮吸收效率最高。正常供水和控水下洛旱6号均以拔节期追施尿素0.08 g·kg^(-1)土处理的氮收获指数、营养器官中的氮素转移量、转移率和贡献率最高;豫农202正常供水下拔节期追施尿素0.16 g·kg^(-1)土处理的氮收获指数、营养器官中的氮素转移量、转移率和贡献率最高,控水下追氮减少了营养器官中氯素的转移量,降低了营养器官中氮素的转移率和贡献率。以上结果说明,正常供水下追氮可增加小麦地上部生物量,提高小麦对氮素的吸收和利用能力,控水条件下小麦不宜追施氮肥。
In order to study the effects of nitrogen topdressing under different water conditions on nitrogen utilization of wheat,Luohan 6 and Yunong 202 was used as materials,the pot experiment was employed to study the effects of nitrogen topdressing under different water conditions on wheat bio-mass, nitrogen absorption,accumulation and distribution.The result showed that the wheat biomass and nitrogen accumulation was increased by nitrogen topdressing under normal water supply（to maintain the relative weight of soil water content between 80%to 85%during the whole growth period）. the wheat biomass and nitrogen accumulation was reduced by nitrogen topdressing under water controlled condition（to maintain the relative weight of soil water content between 80%to 85%during the whole growth period）.Topdressing under normal water supply increased the wheat nitrogen uptake efficiency,the processing of urea 0.08 g·kg^（-1）soil was the best;the wheat nitrogen uptake efficiency of the processing of no nitrogen topdressing was the highest under controlled water supply. The nitrogen transfer amount,transfer rate and contribution rate of processing of urea 0.08 g·kg^（-1） soil of Luohan 6 was the highest under normal water condition,in contrast,the processing of urea 0.16 g·kg^（-1） soil of Yunong 202 was the highest;Nitrogen topdressing under water controlled condition reduced the nitrogen transfer amount of vegetative organs,so the transfer rate and contribution rate also were reduced.These results suggested that nitrogen topdressing under normal water condition was beneficial to enhance the nitrogen absorption and utilization capacity.Overall,the treatment of urea 0.08 g·kg^（-1） soil in jointing stage was suitable to Luohan 6,the treatment of urea 0.16 g·kg^（-1） soil in jointing stage was suitable to Yunong 202.It was not appropriate for wheat nitrogen top-dressing under long period of drought.
出处
《麦类作物学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2010年第6期1104-1109,共6页
Journal of Triticeae Crops
基金
河南省高校杰出科研人才创新工程项目(2007KYCX003)
公益性行业(农业)科研专项(200903007)
郑州市科技攻关(N2009NP0302)
关键词
冬小麦
土壤水分
追施氮肥
氮素利用
Winter wheat
Soil water
Topdressing nitrogen
Nitrogen utilization and distribution
