摘要
目的探讨吹氧联合冲洗法应用于可冲洗气管套管预防气管切开患者肺部感染的临床效果。方法将102例应用可冲洗气管套管的气管切开患者随机分成观察组(52例)和对照组(50例)。观察组先采用生理盐水冲洗气管套管气囊上缘侧管,保留15s吸出,反复数次,直至冲洗液变清,再从侧管吹氧15min/次;对照组仅采用生理盐水冲洗。两组均干预1次/4h。结果置管第3天观察组、对照组肺部感染的发生率分别为1.9%,6.0%,两组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。置管第7天观察组、对照组肺部感染的发生率分别为9.6%、26.0%,置管第14天观察组、对照组肺部感染的发生率分别为21.2%、42.0%,两组比较,差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论采用吹氧联合气管套管气囊上冲洗法可有效降低可冲洗气管切开患者肺部感染的发生率。
Objective To explore clinical value of oxygen blowing combined with irrigation in tracheotomy patients for prevention of lung infection.Methods Totally,102 patients placed with flushable tracheostomy tubes were randomly divided into an observation group（n =52）and a control group（n =50）.For the patients in both groups,nurses firstly infused the side port above the cuff with normal saline,kept the saline for 15 s,then drew it out,and repeated the procedure several times until the drained saline became clear.After that,the observation group additionally received oxygen blowing from the side port for 15 minutes.The above-mentioned intervention was conducted every 4 hours in both groups.Results On the 3rd day of tracheostomy,the incidence of pulmonary infection was 1.9% in the observation group and 6.0% in the control group,which had no significant difference（P〈0.05）.On the 7th day of tracheostomy,the incidence of pulmonary infection was 9.6% in the observation group and 26.0% in the control group;on the 14th day of tracheostomy,the incidence of pulmonary infection was 21.2% in the observation group and 42.0 % in the control group.The rates had significant differences between the two groups on the 7th and 14th day of tracheostomy（P〈0.05 for both）.Conclusion Application of oxygen blowing combined with irrigation can effectively reduce the incidence of lung infection for tracheotomy patients.
关键词
气管切开
可冲洗气管套管
吹氧
气囊上冲洗
肺部感染
tracheotomy
flushable tracheostomy tubes
oxygen blowing
flushing above the cuff
lung infection
