摘要
从农田集水保墒、土壤水分变化、光合生理和物质运转等方面，系统研究了旱地冬小麦周年地膜覆盖栽培的增产机理及关键技术。研究结果表明，周年地膜覆盖可有效减少冬小麦全生产年度土壤水分的蒸发损失，提高蒸腾耗水比例和光合速率，０ｃｍ～５ｃｍ土层≥０℃地积温增加１０．５％，幼穗分化提前２ｄ～３ｄ，拔节后节间伸长速度快，播种期较露地条播推后１０ｄ，适宜播量为每穴６粒。最后还提出了该项技术应继续研究和解决的几个重要问题。
Yieldincreasing mechanism and key cultivation techniques of winter wheat with perennial film mulching were studied in the dryland of East Gansu during 19961998.The results showed that yieldincreasing mechanism of winter wheat with perennial film mulching was to collect and conserve water in rainy seasons, reduce evaporation in the whole growth seasons, raise transpiration, lower stoma resistance, increase photosynthesis rate,improve accumulated temperature of 0 cm￣5 cm soil layers above 0 10.5%, advance spike differentiation 2 days￣3 days, stimulate dry biomass transferring to seed after flowing, and extend root into deep soil layers etc. Key cultivation techniques of winter wheat with perennial film mulching were to delay sowing date 10 days, determine suitable seeding rates 6 seeds per hole, and apply enough fertilizers before film mulching. Some problems that need to be studied were also put forward in the paper.
出处
《干旱地区农业研究》
CSCD
北大核心
1999年第2期1-7,共7页
Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas
基金
国家"九五"96-004-04-攻关项目
关键词
旱地
冬小麦
全生育期
地膜覆盖
增产机理
栽培
winter wheat in dryland
perennial film muching
yieldincreasing mechanism
key cultivation techniques
