摘要
发展生物质成型燃料,对于优化我国的能源结构、保障能源安全具有重要意义。从资源收集、市场定位、应用推广方面归纳了生物质成型燃料产业的特点,梳理了该产业发展所需经历的萌芽、快速发展、持续发展三个阶段。指出该产业在我国尚处于萌芽阶段,制约其发展的瓶颈问题主要在于观念落后、政策滞后、龙头企业缺少扶持,提出中国生物质成型燃料的市场重点在于替代分散供热市场中的中小型燃煤、燃油、燃气、燃电锅炉。以辉南宏日新能源公司为案例,分析了其建立在资源收集、生物质颗粒燃料加工、锅炉设计与配套、供热服务4个环节之上的产业链运行情况,提出依托中小企业培育龙头企业,重点扩展中小锅炉区域供热市场,是我国生物质成型燃料迅速产业化的合理路径。
There are generally three approaches for the conversion of biomass resources to energy： solidification,liquefaction,and gasification.Biomass briquette is a major product of solidification technology.Internationally,application of biomass briquette in heating market is currently a primary technological route for the utilization of biomass energy.The total amount of biomass briquette used in the world heating market in year 2006 reached 0.075 billion TCE,accounting for around 58%of the whole biomass energy.Europe has already been in the fast growing phase of the biomass briquette industry while in China this industry just emerges.Development of biomass briquette is of great significance for China in the following two aspects：one is to optimize the current energy consumption structure which relies primarily on coal;the other is to ensure energy safety.Moreover,China has sufficient resources to develop the new renewable energy, approximately 0.35 billion TCE.This paper summarizes the characteristics of the biomass briquette industry in terms of resource acquisition,market orientation,and application promotion.Result showed that the acquisition cost is mainly in transaction for agricultural waste and in transportation for forest waste,with a resource collecting radius of 20 km and 50 km,respectively.The central market of biomass briquette is scattered heating boilers in cities and towns,which always have special heating demand or are hardly covered by district heating.It was also found that the biomass briquette industry has many advantages like high Energy input-output ratio,high match of resource and conversion technology,high economic advantage,and broad applicability.The paper also identifies three stages the industry will experience during its development,i.e.,germination,rapid development,and sustained development.It is indicated that the industry in China is still at the stage of germination,and the bottleneck restraining its development lies in out-of-date ideas, lagging policies,and lack of sufficient support to lead enterprises.It is stated that in the near future the biomass briquette market should target at replacing the fuel coal,fuel oil,fuel gas,and electrical boilers in the scattered heating market.Taking Great Resources（Huinan）Co.,Ltd.as an example,the paper examines the performance of its industry chain comprised by resource acquisition,biomass pellet processing,boiler design and complement,and heat supply service.It is indicated that the reasonable route for rapid industrialization of biomass briquette in China is to foster leading enterprises by small-and medium-sized enterprises,and to make great effort in expanding the heat supply market in areas of small-and medium-sized boilers.Pertinent sustain policy is also needed to promote the prosperity of the new industry.
出处
《资源科学》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2010年第11期2172-2178,共7页
Resources Science
关键词
生物质成型燃抖
产业化
产业链
龙头企业
Biomass briquette； Industrialization； Industry chain； Leading enterprises
