摘要
多年来在砂姜黑土区布置夏玉米肥效田间试验,并用ASI分析法对基础土壤样品进行测试分析,以缺磷素区(NK)与推荐施肥区(NPK)夏玉米相对产量<50%,50～65%,65～75%,75%～85%,85～95%和>95%为标准,分别将土壤有效磷分成"严重缺磷"、"缺磷"、"中等"、"较高"、"高"和"极高"6级。砂姜黑土区夏玉米运用ASI法测定的土壤有效磷含量分别与不施磷小区夏玉米相对产量呈显著正相关关系。根据夏玉米相对产量<50%,50～65%,65～75%,75～85%,85～95%和>95%对应的土壤有效磷指标,可以得出砂姜黑土区土壤有效磷"严重缺磷"指标为<6mg/L,"缺磷"指标为6～13mg/L,"中等"指标为13～21mg/L,"较高"指标为21～36mg/L,"高"指标为36～60mg/L,"极高"指标为>60mg/L。据此建立的玉米田土壤养分丰缺指标推荐施磷量为:速效磷含量小于6mg/L,磷肥推荐为180kg/hm2,速效磷含量在6～13mg/L,磷肥推荐为150kg/hm2,速效磷含量在13～21mg/L,磷肥推荐为105kg/hm2,速效磷含量在21～36mg/L,磷肥推荐为75kg/hm2,速效磷含量在36～60mg/L,磷肥推荐为45kg/hm2,速效磷含量大于60mg/L,建议不施磷肥。
To provide theoretic support for maize production of formula fertilization by soil testing in Shajiang black soil areas.Field experiments on fertilizer efficiency of maize were carried in Shajiang black soil areas.This study used ASI （Agro Services International） method to test soil samples and calibrate ASI soil test according to the typical response categories （50%,65%,75%,85%,95% of relative yield to soil nutrient values） to establish the abundance and deficiency indices of soil available P for maize in Shajiang black soil areas based on ASI soil testing and fertilizer recommend-ation.The very low,low,medium,higher,high and very high index for soil available P were 6 mg/L,6-13 mg/L,13-21 mg/L,21-36 mg/L,and 36-60 mg/L,60 mg/L,respectively.This experiment suggested that the recommended fertilizer quantity were 180 kg/hm 2,150 kg/hm 2,105 kg/hm 2,75 kg/hm 2,45 kg/hm 2.When soil available P were 60 mg/L,the fertilizer quantity can be reduced or not applied.
出处
《中国农学通报》
CSCD
北大核心
2010年第21期167-171,共5页
Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin
基金
"十一五"国家科技支撑计划"华北小麦-玉米一体化施肥关键技术研究与示范"(2008BADA4B07)
河南省重大公益专项"河南省玉米水稻减灾稳产增产关键技术研究与示范"(091100910100)
河南省重大科技攻关计划项目"河南省玉米稳产增产关键技术研究与示范"(102101110300)
省科技厅攻关"小麦玉米一体化栽培
施肥简化优化措施研究"(092102110041)
国际植物营养研究所(IPNI)北京办事处资助
