摘要
探索南极科考队员越冬生活对了解人类适应南极、改善极地生活质量有重要意义。研究通过对9名中国南极科考队员的深度访谈内容进行质性分析,总结出中国南极科考队员常见的生理、情绪、人际和与任务相关的四大类问题,归纳了影响越冬生活质量的内部因素和外部因素,并且从个体和组织两个方面初步建立了南极环境中的越冬生活应对策略模型,为今后该领域研究提供了理论基础和实证依据。
Antarctica is the coldest,the driest and the windiest continent on the earth.The severe natural and social environment in Antarctica challenges the limit of personnel＇s physical and psychological adaptation.Psychological researches on Antarctic expeditioners＇winter-over life could enhance our understanding on how human beings adapting to isolated,confined and extreme environments.Nine people who worked at Chinese Antarctic Great Wall station and Zhongshan Station from 2003 to 2006 were interviewed with the in-depth semi-structured interview method.The transcriptions were analyzed by computer-aided qualitative analysis software.It was found that the adaptation problems could be categorized into four types：physical,emotional,interpersonal and task-related.Two main factors which effect on the quality of work and life in Antarctica were identified.Internal factors are personality,attitude,age and previous experiences,while external factors include natural environments,conditions of stations and key persons,especially the chef and the station leader.A theoretical framework of coping strategies including organizational and individual aspects was developed.Among the seven ways of coping,energy transferring（such as taking part in sports,entertainment or learning）plays the most important role.All results do not only provide a strong theoretical base for future research of polar psychology,but also provide an empirical base for more application on Antarctic expeditions,flight and space missions.
出处
《极地研究》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2010年第3期262-270,共9页
Chinese Journal of Polar Research
关键词
南极
越冬生活
适应问题
影响因素
应对策略
Antarctica
winter-over life
problems of adaptation
influence factors
coping strategies.
