摘要
应用变化范围法(RVA)对黄河上游兰州站的生态水文特征变异进行分析。通过对比人类活动影响前和刘家峡单库运行、龙刘两库联合运行的RVA评价结果,深入剖析了兰州断面生态水文特征的改变情况以及关键影响因素。分析得知人类活动影响后较影响前的生态水文特征变异强烈,单库运行阶段的整体改变度为72.64%,联合调度阶段的整体改变度为78.90%,均属于高度改变。不同水库组成运行模式对黄河兰州断面水文情势的改变程度差异较大,龙刘两库联合运行后汛期流量的急减和高低流量逆转次数的剧增,将对黄河水生生物的生存环境产生影响,极大地危害水生物种的繁殖和生存。
The construction of water conservancy projects and other human activities would cause a certain degree variation of eco-hydrological characteristics of rivers.Therefore,it is important to find a suitable method to analyze the change of eco-hydrological characteristics of Yellow River.In this paper,range of variability approach is used to analyze the influence of different reservoir operating modes on the variation of eco-hydrological characteristics of the Yellow River in Lanzhou Gauge.The evaluation result of RVA is compared in variety of channel hydrological regime in Lanzhou Gauge under the following conditions： no influence of human activities,only affected by Liujiaxia reservoir,and affected by Liujiaxia and Longyangxia reservoir,the change condition of eco-hydrological characteristics in Lanzhou Gauge and the key influence factors are discussed in this paper.Firstly,32 indicators of hydrologic alteration are calculated before the influence of human activities,taking 75% and 25% as the threshold level RVA in the incidence of each indicator;Secondly,the paper calculated the 32 indicators of hydrologic alteration of the operational phase in a single reservoir and the joint scheduling phase in two reservoirs,evaluated the calculation result whether in the framework of the threshold in the RVA;Thirdly,the paper evaluated the degree of hydrologic alteration of each indicator and analyzed the overall degree of hydrologic alteration in river eco-hydrological characteristics;analyzed the change of eco-hydrological characteristics of Lanzhou Gauge in-depth.In this method,the characteristic was defined by quantity.From the 32 IHA indicators calculations,the results show as follows： after influence of human activities,the magnitude of monthly flow,the magnitude of annual extreme flow,the timing of annual extreme flow,the duration of annual extreme flow and frequency were significant changes.More affected by human activities prior to the IHA indicators,single reservoir period of high degree of change appeared 9 times,which was 28% of the total number,and the two reservoir period of high degree of change emerged in 17 times,which was double to the single reservoir.The overall degree of hydrologic alteration in single reservoir was 72.64%,and the overall degree of hydrologic alteration in two reservoir was 78.90%,both of them were belong to high change,the variability of eco-hydrological characteristics which after influence of human activities was stronger than before,especially the joint scheduling phase of the Longyangxia and the Liujiaxia reservoirs was the strongest variation.There was a big difference in changing degree of hydrological regime on Lanzhou section of Yellow River in different models of reservoirs composition,after Liujiaxia and Longyangxia reservoirs joint scheduling,the flood season flow was more reducing and the number of high and low flow reversals was more increasing,it would influence the live condition of aquatic organism in Yellow River,and greatly endanger the aquatic species＇ reproduction and exist.
出处
《干旱区地理》
CSCD
北大核心
2010年第5期747-755,共9页
Arid Land Geography
基金
水利部公益性行业科研专项经费项目(编号:200701019)
关键词
RVA法
IHA指标
生态水文特征
整体改变度
黄河
range of variability approach（RVA）
indicator of hydrologic alteration（IHA）
eco-hydrological characteristics
overall degree of hydrologic alteration
the Yellow River
