摘要
在皖南春季越冬代马尾松毛虫防治时期，于安徽长江以南采用不同治虫策略的５个林场，选立地条件和林分状况类似的马尾松纯林，对节肢动物和虫生真菌群落的调查表明，常年释放白僵菌的林场和长期监测虫情、准确挑治虫源地的林场害虫种数约占群落总种数的５０％，个体数约占７０％，益害物种数比（Ｎｓ／Ｐｓ）为０．７２～０．８３，个体数比（Ｎｎ／Ｐｎ）为０．４４～０．４５，多样性指数（Ｈ′）波动小，松毛虫虫口≤２．０条·株－１。交替放菌和施药的林场，滥用农药、尤其不治虫的林场，害虫种数约占群落总种数的６０％左右，个体数＞７４％，Ｎｓ／Ｐｓ０．４６～０．５４，Ｎｎ／Ｐｎ０．２３～０．３４，Ｈ′波动大，松毛虫虫口６．０～１０．０条·株－１，超过防治指标（５条·株－１）。长期的放菌或及时施药挑治利于优化群落结构，增大多样性指数。
During the period of controlling the overwintering generation Dendrolimus punctatus in similar stands in 5 forestry farms with the different control strategy along the southern shore of Changjiang River,arthropoda and entomogenous fungi communities were surveyed.The result showed that comparing the communities of the forestry farms with Beauveria bassiana releasing every year with that in the forestry farm controlled by insecticides,the species number of pests were around 50%,the individuals were 70% or so,the ratio of natural enemy to pest species number ( Ns/Ps ) was 0.72～0.83,the ratio of natural enemy to pest individuls number ( Nn/Pn ) was 0.44～0.45,idexes of diversity ( H′ ) fluctuated little,and population densities of D.punctatus ≤2.0 heads/tree.Within the forestry farms with alternated releasing of B.bassiana and applying insecticides,overflowed applying insecticides,and non controlling forestry farms,the pest species number was around 60%,individual number was 70% or so, Ns/Ps was 0.46～0.54, Nn/Pn 0.23～0.34 , H′ fluctuated greatly,and the population densities of D.punctatus was 6.0～10.0 heads/tree,which was over the control threshold (5 heads/tree).A long time realesing B.bassiana formulation and selecting appropriate suppression were beneficial to optimizing community structure.
出处
《林业科学研究》
CSCD
北大核心
1999年第1期92-96,共5页
Forest Research
基金
国家自然科学基金
关键词
马尾松纯林
节肢动物
虫生真菌
马尾松毛虫
masson′ pure pine
arthropoda
entomogenous fungi
community structure
biodiversity
Dendrolimus punctatus
