摘要
天然气水合物是天然气与水在一定的温度和压力等条件下形成的结晶笼状固态化合物。在油气田开采及集输过程中,由于压力较高,管道内易形成水合物。水合物可导致输气量减少、仪表和分离设备等堵塞,严重影响油气田生产的正常运行。文章概述了天然气水合物形成的条件和目前对水合物防治的物理和化学方法,并提出了针对实际情况选用合适的工艺和选择不同抑制剂的思路。开发环保型和廉价性并适用于各种条件下的动力学抑制剂和防聚剂,是今后的研究方向。
Natural gas hydrate is a cage - like crystalline solid - state compound formed from natural gas and the water at a certain temperature and pressure. During oil ＆ gas field exploration and the gathering, it is easy to form hydrate in the pipeline because of high pressure. Hydrates can lead to reduction of gas transmission capacity and blocking of the instruments and separation equipment, which will seriously affect the normal operation of the oil ＆ gas field. The conditions for the formation of gas hydrate and the physical and chemical methods for hydrate prevention at present are outlined, and the selection of appropriate process and different inhibitors for the actual operating conditions are proposed. The development of environmentally friendly cheap dynamic inhibitor and polymerization inhibitor which perform well at various conditions is the future R＆D direction.
出处
《石油化工腐蚀与防护》
CAS
2010年第5期38-41,共4页
Corrosion & Protection In Petrochemical Industry
关键词
水合物
热力学抑制剂动力学抑制剂
防聚剂
hydrate, thermodynamic inhibitor, dynamic inhibitor, polymerization inhibitor
