摘要
质子交换膜燃料电池(PEMFC)的阴极和阳极的电催化剂仍以铂为主,由于铂的价格昂贵,资源匮乏,这是造成PEMFC成本高的原因之一,大大限制了其被广泛地应用。降低贵金属催化剂用量,寻求廉价催化剂,提高电极催化剂性能成为电极催化剂研究的主要目标。对于阴极催化剂,研究重点一方面是改进电极结构,提高催化剂的利用率,另一方面是寻求高效廉价的可替代贵金属的催化剂。介绍了一种非贵金属的阴极电催化剂(Fe/N/C和Co/N/C体系)的研究进展,包括制备方法的发展历程、载体的影响、前驱体的影响(Fe/Co)、热处理工艺的影响、催化活性的评价方法及催化机理初探和稳定性。该体系的催化剂由于原料来源广泛、价格低廉,使其受到了广泛的关注,同时其活性也相比早期的研究有了很大的提高,但是目前制约其应用的一大因素是其稳定性,这需要我们不断地努力才能实现该种非贵金属催化剂的应用。
The valuable platinum is still the main cathode and anode catalyst for proton exchange membrane fuel cell（PEMFC）,which is one of the reasons that cause the high cost of PEMFC.Also,the high cost greatly limits the widely application of PEMFC.So,the amount reducing of noble metal catalyst,the low-cost catalyst finding and the utilization enhancing of the catalyst are the main objects of catalyst research.For the cathode catalyst,on the one hand,the electrode structure must be improved to enhance the utilization of the catalyst;on the other hand,the cheap and efficient alternative for the precious metal catalyst must be found.A non-precious metal catalysts（Fe/N/C and Co/N/C system）for the cathode was introduced,including the development process of the preparation method,the impact of carrier,precursor（Fe/Co content）,and heating process,the evaluation of catalytic activity,and the catalytic mechanism and stability.The catalyst for this system won lots of attentions due to its widespread source and cheap cost.At the same time,its activity was greatly improved compared with earlier studies.But at present a major limit factor is its stability,which needs continuing working to achieve the application of this non-noble metal catalyst.
出处
《电源技术》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2010年第10期1087-1092,共6页
Chinese Journal of Power Sources
