摘要
为了探讨西北旱区日光温室番茄节水高效灌溉模式,2008年进行了不同生育阶段水分亏缺对膜下沟灌番茄产量与水分利用效率的影响研究。结果表明,在番茄果实成熟与采收期亏水虽然可使果实早熟,增加收获期和市场高价位时期的重合度,但由于产量降低幅度较大,总体经济效益低,为不合理灌溉方案。相反,在对照处理灌水定额21mm的基础上,苗期减少2/3灌水量、开花和果实膨大期减少1/3灌水量、果实成熟与采收期正常灌溉,是西北旱区日光温室番茄较适用的灌溉模式。即在番茄全生育期内灌水11～12次,灌溉定额为200～210mm时,可实现市场产量170～180t/hm2,毛效益31～34万元/hm2,水分利用效率和单方耗水毛效益分别为64～69kg/m3和120～125元/m3,同时节约灌水量40～50mm。
In order to explore the optimal water-saving and high-efficient irrigation pattern of greenhouse tomato in arid region of Northwest China,an experiment was conducted on the solar greenhouse tomato under mulch furrow irrigation in 2008 for the effects of water deficit applied in different growth stages on yield and water use efficiency.The results showed that although water deficit in fruit maturation and harvesting stage could promote tomato mature and the coincidence of harvest period and market higher price phase,the yield decreased significantly.As total gross economic incomes was low,water stress in fruit maturation and harvesting stage was not an ideal irrigation pattern.However,on the basis of the CK treatment irrigation amount （21 mm）,2/3 normal irrigation amount decreased in vegetable growth stage,1/3 irrigation amount decreased in flower appearing and fruiting stage,no water stress in fruit maturation and harvesting stage was the optimal irrigation pattern,i.e.,11 or 12 irrigations were applied with total water amounts of 200 to 210 mm during the total growth stage,and 170 to 180 t/hm^2 tomato market yield,also 31×10^4 to 34×10^4 RMB/hm^2 could be achieved.The water use efficiency and gross economic incomes per cubic meter evapotranspiration was 64-69 kg/m^3 and 120-125 RMB/m^3,respectively,with 40-50 mm irrigation water saved.
出处
《农业工程学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2010年第9期46-52,共7页
Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
基金
国家自然科学基金重点项目(50939005)
水利部公益性行业科研专项经费项目(201001061)
关键词
灌溉
温室
经济分析
亏缺灌溉
产量
番茄
irrigation
greenhouse
economic analysis
deficit irrigation
yield
tomato
