摘要
制造业是创造人类物质财富和社会文明的手段和源泉,是我国实现新兴工业化的基础保证,诸多学科研究成果必须通过制造转化为人类需求的产品和生产力。20世纪末以来,国际上涌现出体现核心竞争力的高科技产业发展潮流,资源、能源、环境的严峻挑战,呼唤出现全新概念的制造科学与技术。国家重大战略工程必须由极端制造能力提供保证与支撑。极端条件下可靠服役已成为复杂制造装备的基本特点和要求,这给制造科学赋予了新的内涵。重型制造装备特点是尺度巨型、载荷巨大、惯量巨大、自由度多、力位操控能力强等,这些给该类装备的设计与制造带来严峻挑战。人造系统的能量与物质转换规律是制造科学的研究对象。以巨型自由锻造压机、重型锻造操作机、大型模锻多连杆和伺服压机、轧钢机、重型机床等代表性的重型制造装备为对象,分析该领域国内外发展现状和趋势,提出重型制造装备面临的基础科学与技术问题,即重型制造装备工艺参数模型与性能评价、装备机构和结构拓扑与性能的映射规律、重型制造装备大功率高精度快响应运动与动力容错驱动规律、重载制造装备多变量强耦合机电液多系统交互作用与控制规律等,为我国重型制造装备的发展战略研究提供参考。
Manufacturing is the means by which material wealth and civilization are created and as such it has been fueling the growth of new industrialization in our country.It takes manufacturing to transform the results of research and technological development in many fields into products that fulfill human needs and improvement in productivity.Since the turn of the century,core competencies coming forth in the world are high-tech industries.Severe challenges facing us today due to dwindling natural resources,non-renewable energy sources as well as worsening environment call for a brand new thinking in the development of manufacturing science and technology.The national strategic projects have to be supported by extreme manufacturing capability.Reliable service under extreme conditions becomes basic characteristics and requirement for complex manufacturing equipment.Heavy-duty and large capacity manufacturing equipment,due to huge size,heavy payload,large inertia,multi degree-of-freedom,dexterous manipulability,extreme service conditions,is much more difficult to design and manufacture.The principles for energy and matter transformation of man-made systems are the research subjects of manufacturing science.The heavy-duty manufacturing equipment is studied such as super-capacity freeform forging machines,heavy-duty forging manipulators,large payload multi-link mechanical presses and servo mechanical presses,rolling mills,and heavy-duty machine tools.It reviews the development trend in this field and analyzes the gap between China and the state of art in the world.It proposes fundamental scientific and technological issues facing the development of heavy-duty manufacturing equipment including process models and performance evaluation criteria,mapping rules between mechanism and structure topology and performances,principles of fast responses of high power and precision,and fault-tolerant drives,as well as interaction and control of electric and hydraulic coupled systems.The research presented in this paper contributes to China＇s technological development strategy for heavy-duty manufacturing equipment.
出处
《机械工程学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2010年第19期92-107,共16页
Journal of Mechanical Engineering
基金
国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划
2006CB705402973)
国家重大科技专项(2009ZX04002-061
2009ZX04013-021)
国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划
2009AA044102)资助项目
关键词
制造业
重型制造装备
研究与进展
Manufacturing industry Heavy-duty manufacturing equipment Current research and development
