摘要
为了探讨科学合理的微咸水膜下滴灌灌溉制度,在新疆巴音郭楞蒙古自治州水利管理处国家重点灌溉试验站进行了不同灌溉定额、灌水频次的微咸水膜下滴灌大田试验。研究结果表明:①灌溉定额4500m3/hm2、灌水频次10次,灌溉定额3000m3/hm2、灌水频次7次,均有利于保持土壤水分。②当灌溉定额≤4500m3/hm2时,灌溉定额越大,土壤积盐越严重;在灌溉定额一定时,灌溉次数越多,土壤积盐越严重。③当灌溉定额≤4500m3/hm2时,灌溉定额越大,棉花产量越高,微咸水灌溉影响棉花产量的灌溉定额上限在4500m3/hm2左右;灌溉定额多时,灌水次数多棉花产量高,灌溉定额少时,灌水次数少棉花产量高。④灌溉水分生产率随着灌溉定额的增大而减小,在灌溉定额大时,采用少量多次灌溉,在灌溉定额小时,采用多量少次灌溉,均可提高灌溉水分生产率。⑤以节水、控盐和高产为优选标准,当地较为理想的微咸水膜下滴灌模式为灌溉定额3750m3/hm2、灌水次数20次、灌水间隔为7d。
To establish a scientific irrigation system of drip irrigation under the plastic film with saline water,field experiments of different irrigation quota and irrigation frequency at key irrigation experiment station of water resources management division were carried out in Bayingolin,Mongol Autonomous Prefecture,Xinjiang.The results show that：（1）When the irrigation quota reaches 4 500m3/hm2,the irrigation frequency accounts for as much as 10times,while the smaller irrigation quota（3 000m3/hm2）amounts to the irrigation frequency of 7times,both of which are conducive to maintaining the soil moisture.（2） When the irrigation quota is≤4 500m3/hm2,the larger irrigation quota causes more serious soil salt accumulation.While with a constant the irrigation quota,the increasing number of irrigation frequency also leads to more serious soil salt accumulation.（3）When the irrigation quota was smaller than 4 500m3/ hm2,the larger irrigation quota gets the higher yield with brackish water irrigation quota limit around 4 500 m3/hm2,for it has a bigger impact of cotton production.Normally the bigger irrigation quota with greater irrigation frequency leads to higher yields,and vice versa.（4）The irrigation water productivity increases with the decrease of irrigation quota,and so a small amount of many times in large irrigation quota and a big amount of less times in small irrigation quota can both increase irrigation water productivity.（5）With water,salt and high yield as the optimal control standards,the ideal irrigation system of drip irrigation un-der the plastic film with saline water should be 3 750m3/hm2 of irrigation quota,20times of irrigation frequency and 7days of irrigation.
出处
《地质科技情报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2010年第5期96-101,111,共7页
Geological Science and Technology Information
基金
国家科技支撑计划项目(2007BAD38B01)
国家重点基础研究发展计划课题(2010CB428802)
新疆自治区重大科技专题课题(20073117-3)
关键词
微咸水
膜下滴灌
灌溉制度
棉花
水分生产率
saline water
drip irrigation under plastic film
irrigation system
cotton
water productivity
