摘要
利用甘肃省天水农业气象试验站2003—2009年苹果物候观测资料、麦积国家基本气象站1971—2009年气象资料及天水市1991—2009年苹果产量资料,建立苹果水分适宜度及满足度模型,对苹果各生育阶段的需水量及水分适宜度进行了计算,评价了该地区苹果栽培的水分适宜性,并分析了苹果产量与水分适宜度的相关关系。结果表明:天水市苹果年平均水分适宜度为0.52,满足度为0.61。生长期水分条件比较优越,全生育期苹果水分适宜度随时间呈下降趋势;旺盛生育阶段水分适宜性较差,其次为初始生育阶段,后期生育阶段水分适宜度较好;初始生育阶段水分适宜度逐年代下降,后期生育阶段水分适宜度逐年代上升,旺盛生育阶段水分适宜度变化不大;旺盛生育阶段及初始生育阶段水分适宜度与苹果产量相关性较显著,后期生育阶段水分适宜度与苹果产量相关性不显著。利用该模型可对西北旱作区苹果的水分适宜性进行评价,为苹果的种植区划及科学灌溉提供依据。
Based on the phenological observation data of apple trees from Tianshui Agro-meteorological Experiment Station in 2003-2009,meteorological data from Maiji National Basic Meteorological Station in 1971-2009,and the apple＇s yield data from Tianshui City in 1991-2009,a model of water suitability and water sufficient rate degree for apple trees was established to calculate the water requirement and water suitability degree of apple trees in their whole growth period,evaluate the water suitability for apple trees in the city,and analyze the correlations between the water suitability degree and apple yield in the city. The results showed that the water supply for apple trees in the city was under good condition,with the annual mean water suitability and water sufficient rate degree being 0.52 and 0.61,respectively. The water suitability degree in apple trees whole growth period decreased with time,being worse at vigorous growth stage but good at late growth stage. The water suitability degree decreased with ages at initial growth stage,varied little at vigorous growth stage,and increased at late growth stage. The correlation between the water suitability degree at initial and vigorous growth stages and apple yield was remarkable,but the correlation between the water suitability degree at late growth stage and apple yield was not significant. Using our established model could better evaluate the water suitability for apple trees in dry-farming areas of Northwest China,and provide scientific bases for zoning apple planting and irrigation.
出处
《生态学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2010年第10期1957-1961,共5页
Chinese Journal of Ecology
基金
科技部公益行业(气象)科研专项(GYHY200806021)
甘肃省气象局"十人计划"资助项目
关键词
旱作区
天水
苹果
水分适应性
dry-farming area
Tianshui
apple tree
water suitability.
