摘要
气质是一个古老的概念,也是最有争议的心理学概念之一,广泛涉及儿童、成人、临床、健康、教育等领域。文章选取具有代表性的六种气质理论:气质调节理论、行为-基因理论、发展理论、情绪理论、Kagan的单维气质理论、Cloninger的气质-性格理论,结合脑成像技术,对他们的理论观点、测量方法和最新研究动态进行了综述,并提出未来可利用脑成像基因法开展气质遗传研究、借助脑成像技术在认知-情绪相互作用框架内跨学科开展气质发展研究、利用多层线性模型开展气质的环境影响研究等。
As an ancient conception,temperament is the most controversial psychological construct and widely used in many fields such as childhood,adult,clinics,health and education.The article selects six typical temperament theories：the regulative theory of temperament,the behavior-genetic theory of temperament,the development model of temperament,the emotion-centered theory of temperament,Kagan＇ s temperament theory,Cloninger＇ s adult temperamental-character theory,and reviews their opinions, measurements and the newest researches relating to brain imaging techniques,which can further clarify temperament conception and open up new research fields.In the future,the research can be done as follows：（1） to explore temperamental heritability by imaging genetics instead of behavior genetics to get accurate genetic contribution to temperament;（2） to study temperamental development across infancy,childhood and adolescence in the frame of cognition-emotion interaction by means of the brain imaging technique,such as ERP,fMRI;（3） to investigate environmental effects on temperament with the hierarchy linear model to discriminate individual variables from contextual variables.
出处
《心理科学》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2010年第5期1194-1197,共4页
Journal of Psychological Science
基金
江苏省教育科学"十一五"规划2009年度课题(D/2009/01/179)
江苏省高校思想政治教育研究课题(SGSY2009YB327)
上海市重点学科"发展与教育心理学"建设项目(S30401)资助
