摘要
目的：为膝后区带股后皮神经及其营养血管筋膜皮瓣提供解剖学基础。方法：在３２侧成人下肢标本上，对膝后区的股后皮神经及其营养血管进行详细观测。结果：股后皮神经在窝上角处的横径为１．７±０．６ｍｍ，在该区的干长为１６．１±２．３ｃｍ。营养动脉平均２．３（１～３）条，外径为０．８±０．３ｍｍ，分别来源于穿动脉的肌皮支（占４９．３％）和动脉的筋膜皮支（占５０．７％）。静脉回流有营养动脉的伴行静脉和浅静脉，外径分别为１．１±０．５ｍｍ和２．１±１．９ｍｍ。结论：该区的神经血管恒定，可制成带感觉的转位筋膜皮瓣，用以修复膝关节附近的软组织缺损。
Objective: To provide anatomic basis of facsciocutaneous flap in the posterior region of knee based on the posterior femoral cutaneous nerve and its nutrient vessels.Methods: Anatomic studies of the posterior femoral cutaneous nerve and its vessels in posterior region of knee were carried on lower limbs of 32 adult cadavers.Results:The diameter of posterior femoral cutaneous nerve was 1.7±0.6 mm at the superior angle of popliteal fossa and its length was 16.1±2.3 cm in posterior region of knee. The nutrient arteries of posterior femoral cutaneous nerve had 2.3 branches in average (range 1 to 3 branches) with the diameter of 0.8±0.3 mm, and derived from musculocutaneous branch of perforating artery (49.3%) and fasciocutaneous branch of popliteal artery (5.07%) respectively.Accompanying veins of nutrient arteries and superficial veins provided the vein drainage, and their diameters were 1.1±0.5 mm and 2.1±1.9 mm respectively. Conclusions: The posterior region of knee, with a constant neruovascular pedicle, can be designed as a sensitive transfer fasciocutaneous flap which could be used for repairing the soft tissue defects of the knee.
出处
《中国临床解剖学杂志》
CSCD
北大核心
1999年第2期136-137,共2页
Chinese Journal of Clinical Anatomy
基金
广东省高教厅切块基金
关键词
小腿
股后
皮神经
血管蒂
皮瓣
应用解剖
Posterior region of knee Posterior femoral cutaneous nerve Cutaneous branch of popliteal artery Musculocutaneous branch of perforating artery Fasciocutaneous flap
