摘要
原油加工能力的增长以及原油来源多样化、劣质化导致人们对原油掺混、处理和脱盐技术更加重视,而重质原油和高酸"机会"原油的使用将会影响这些工艺操作。解决方案包括改进掺混计划和调度、相容性测试、原料油配置、脱盐设备和化学添加剂等。软件开发是改进原油掺混的关键,多家公司为原油掺混调度的优化、掺混过程监测和掺混性能预测提供了解决方案。原油相容性预测与测试是广受关注的另一个原油掺混领域。脱盐方面的研究重点是处理重质原油和机会油。精确测量油/水界面位置的新技术也在不断出现,包括放射技术、微波技术、基于压力的技术和声纳技术。目前越来越流行在静电脱盐装置的上游安装静态混合器,研究人员还提出在混合过程中使用超声辐照技术。减少清洗水消耗量和处理脱盐废水的方法已引起各方关注,研究重点是用来净化浓盐废水的超滤膜。逆向破乳剂用于在废水处理厂上游对含油浓盐废水进行处理,提供更多品种的多功能添加剂产品可能会获得丰厚的利润。
The worldwide increase in crude processing capacity,coupled with the diversification of crude sources and a degradation of crude quality,has led to an increased focus on crude blending,treating,and desalting technologies.The use of heavy and high-acid ＂opportunity＂ crudes will affect blending,treating,and desalting operations.In order to overcome these challenges,refiners and technology providers are working toward solutions including advances in blending planning and scheduling,compatibility testing,feed preparation,desalting equipment,and chemical additives.Software development is key to advances in crude blending.Many companies offer solutions for optimizing crude scheduling,monitoring the blending process,and/or predicting blend properties.Predicting and testing for crude compatibility is the other area of crude blending that is receiving considerable attention.The majority of recent desalting efforts have addressed heavy or opportunity crudes.An increasing number of new technologies to accurately measure the oil/water interface level are emerging,including radioactive,microwave,pressure-based,and sonar techniques.The use of static mixers upstream of electrostatic desalters is becoming more common.Additionally,the use of ultrasound irradiation during mixing was presented in research work.Methods to reduce washwater consumption and clean up desalter effluent have been topics of interest.Research work in this area focused on the subject of ultrafiltration membranes to purify brine effluent streams.Reverse emulsion breakers are used to treat oily brine effluent upstream of the wastewater treatment plant.Offering more multi-purpose additives may be lucrative.
出处
《中外能源》
CAS
2010年第10期67-71,共5页
Sino-Global Energy
关键词
原油掺混
脱盐
机会原油
相容性
软件开发
浓盐废水
添加剂
crude blending desalting opportunity crude compatibility software development brine effluent streams additive
