摘要
太阳辐射的有效利用是间套作种植模式呈现产量优势的根本原因。本试验研究了线辣椒/玉米带状套作群体的叶面积指数(LAI)动态变化趋势及光合有效辐射(PAR)的截获和利用规律。试验设线辣椒单作(SC)、线辣椒/玉米套作(IMC)、玉米单作(SM)3个处理。研究结果表明:线辣椒和玉米的叶面积指数在生育期内均呈单峰型曲线变化,单作线辣椒和单作玉米的LAI均稍大于各自的套作;套作线辣椒的消光系数低于单作。玉米、线辣椒单作与套作整个生育期内的PAR截获量差异显著,带状套作的PAR截获量比按套作比例(0.788:0.222)对单作PRA截获量加权的平均值高42.25%。线辣椒/玉米带状套作的PAR利用效率比按套作比例对单作PAR利用效率加权的平均值高39.51%。套作玉米的干物质积累速率大于单作,套作线辣椒的干物质积累速率低于单作。套作线辣椒的干物质向茎、枝的分配比例显著低于单作,而向果实、根的分配比例分别比单作高2.8%和2.6%;套作玉米的干物质向各器官最终分配比例与单作无显著差异。与单作相比,线辣椒/玉米带状套作模式的产量优势归功于PAR截获量和利用率的提高。合理的套作可以使作物对PAR的截获和利用在时间和空间上达到互补。
Efficient use of photosynthetic active radiation （PAR） is a major yield advantage factor in relay intercropping.This study therefore analyzed the dynamic processes of leaf area index （LAI） and the interception and utilization mechanisms of PAR in a relay intercropping system of maize and capsicum.Three treatments （sole cropping maize,sole cropping capsicum,and relay intercropping maize/capsicum） were set up.The study shows that though LAI for relay intercropping maize/capsicum is slightly lower than that for sole cropping maize and sole cropping capsicum,it exhibits a uni-peak curve for the three cropping systems.Under relay intercropping with maize,capsicum canopy light extinction coefficient （k） decreases.There is a significant difference in intercepted PAR between maize/capsicum relay intercropping and maize or capsicum sole cropping.The PAR intercepted amounts under maize/capsicum relay intercropping system is 42.25% higher than the weighted mean of PAR for maize and capsicum sole cropping according to their relay intercropping proportion （0.788：0.222）.PAR use efficiency under maize/capsicum relay intercropping system is 39.51% higher than the weighted mean for maize and capsicum sole cropping.Dry-matter accumulation rate for relay intercropping maize is higher than that for sole cropping maize,whereas the opposite is the case for sole cropping capsicum.The fraction of dry-matter allocated to stems and branches in relay intercropping capsicum is slightly lower than that in sole cropping capsicum.However,the fractions of allocated dry-matter to roots and fruits in relay intercropping capsicum are respectively 2.8% and 2.6% higher than those in sole cropping capsicum.There is insignificant difference in the fractions of allocated dry-matter to the different organs between relay intercropping and sole cropping maize.The study consequently suggests that in comparison with mono-culture,high productivity of relay intercropping is fully explainable by increasing interception and use efficiency of PAR.Reasonable intercropping of crops therefore complements the interception and utilization of PAR in space and time.
出处
《中国生态农业学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2010年第5期969-976,共8页
Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture
基金
“十五”国家科技攻关计划项目(2004BA516A09)
安徽农业大学稳定和引进人才科研资助项目(yj2008-10)
2010年安徽省高校省级优秀青年人才基金项目(2010SQRL062)资助
关键词
套作
玉米
线辣椒
光合有效辐射
光能截获
光能利用率
Relay intercropping
Maize
Capsicum
Photosynthetic active radiation （PAR）
Light interception
PAR use efficiency
