摘要
1128年以前淮河是位于我国东部独立人黄海的一条大河。1128年黄河下游河道决口改道,夺淮入黄海,结束了淮河三角洲的活动。尽管1855年黄河再次改道回归渤海,但是1851年洪泽湖大堤决口,此后淮河成为长江的一条支流。根据近几十年来苏北全新世沉积研究成果及淮河、江苏近岸海洋水文状况,推测7000aB.P.～1128年形成的淮河三角洲形成、演化和特征。1128年以前淮河口及其附近海域东北向和东北偏北向波浪强,在波浪和沿岸流的作用下,沉积物优势运移方向为SSE,河口南侧形成两条延伸很远的海岸砂堤(障壁坝-海滩脊),其内侧为泻湖和海岸低地,形成一个明显不对称的淮河三角洲。淮河三角洲发育历经两个阶段:早期阶段为7000～3500aB.P.,东岗砂堤逐渐形成,加宽;晚期阶段3500aB.P.～1128年西岗砂堤逐渐形成,加宽。
The Huaihe River was a big one in Eastern China entering the Yellow Sea before 1128A. D. It became a tributary of the Yellow River in 1128 - 1851 because the Yellow River lower channel greatly shifted to south and occupied the original Huaihe River channel. The Huaihe River has been a tributary of the Yangtze River since 1851 ,although the Yellow River changed its lower channel in 1855 and has been entered the Bohai Sea. Therefore the Huaihe River Delta is a historical delta formed in 7000aB. P. - 1128A. D. in the North Jiangsu Plain. It is estimated that the water discharge of the Huaihe River is 497 × 10^8m^3 , the suspended sediments with median size of 0.05mm entering the Yellow Sea transported by the Huaihe River were approximately from 950 × 10^4t/a in 7000aB. P. increasing to 1900×10^4t/a in 1128A. D. Based on the published data on the Holocene sedimentation in North Jiangsu the form, sedimentation and evolution of the Huaihe River Delta are studied in this paper. The sediments entering the Yellow Sea were mainly transported to SSE and formed a marked asymmetrical, long and narrow delta with two long coastal sands（ sand barriers and sand beach ridges）named Donggang and Xigang coastal sand ridges, and lagoons and coastal lowlands on the landward sides of the two coastal sands because of the NE-NNE strong waves off the river mouth and adjacent areas along the west coast of the Yellow Sea. The delta experienced two stages： in the early stage （7000 -3500aB. P. ）the Xigang coastal sands gradually prolonged to SSE and expanded; in the late stage（3500aB. P. - 1128A. D. ） ,the Donggang coastal sands gradually prolonged to SSE and expanded. The Huaihe River Delta and the Po Delta both mark asymmetrical deltas with long coastal sands and lagoons because of acting of the dominated strong waves.
出处
《第四纪研究》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2010年第5期892-901,共10页
Quaternary Sciences
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(批准号:49876034)
国土资源部地质调查项目(批准号:1212010611401)资助
关键词
淮河三角洲
海岸沙堤
障壁坝
泻湖
波浪
沿岸流
Huaihe River Delta, coastal sands, barrier bar,lagoon. Wave,longshore current
