摘要
９０年代以来，我国洪涝灾害急剧发展，破坏损失达历史最高水平，防灾抗灾空前困难，１９９８年南北特大洪水是这种特征的重要标志。造成我国洪涝灾害日益严重的主要原因是：降雨分布不均，气候异常加剧；主要江河中下游地势平缓，河道曲折，洪水渲泄不畅；水土流失和崩滑流活动剧烈，河湖淤积严重，湖泊萎缩，行洪蓄洪能力持续下降；大江大河沿岸工程地质条件复杂，堤防隐患比较严重。这些因素都与区域地壳运动和地质环境变化密切相关。今后时期，我国洪涝灾害形势依然十分严峻，不但长江流域有发生更大洪水的可能，而且黄河、海河及其他江河洪水威胁也很严重。从正反两方面总结历史减灾经验，把防治洪涝灾害与防治地质灾害同中西部经济发展结合起来，实行综合减灾；与此同时，探索有效沉淀泥沙，以及规划“悬河”改道途径，从根本上消除严重洪水威胁。
Since 1990s,the hazards caused by flood and waterlogging have increased rapidly in China,the important mark of which is the catastrophic floods happened in Changjiang basin and northeast China in 1998.Based on the general analyses,the author is trying to analyse from a wider angle the geological environmental conditions of the floodwaterlogging hazards in China and the interaction between the floodwaterlogging hazards and geological hazards,and therefor to deepen the knowledge of floodwaterlogging hazards in Changjiang basin and other areas,and further proposes some thinking and suggestions for the wider and deeper scientific reduction of such kind of hazards.
出处
《地质灾害与环境保护》
1999年第1期1-13,共13页
Journal of Geological Hazards and Environment Preservation
关键词
洪涝灾害
地质灾害
地质环境
综合减灾
减灾对策
Flood and waterlogging Geological hazard Geological environment Comprehensive reduction of hazard
