摘要
矿产资源规划是一种规范矿产资源利用行为的制度设计,建立在尊重矿产资源自然属性、弥补市场机制失灵以及减少个体非理性抉择的基础之上。究其本质,矿产资源规划是一种带有强烈法治印记的行政行为,因而,政府权力的行使规则和标准决定了矿产资源规划应当在法治轨道上运行,实体与程序便成为矿产资源规划达致法治主义主要途径。但就现行矿产资源规划的相关法律而言,关于规划的实体法律规范存在诸多不足和难以避免的缺陷。以法治手段规范规划程序,尤其是规划制定程序显得十分必要,它在保障矿产资源规划的科学性、合理性方面,成为一种理性的制度进路。
Mineral resources are material foundation for human survival.With the sustained and rapid development of China＇s economy,the growth of mineral resources consumption is increasingly related to the growth of national economy.There is therefore a big gap between supply and demand for mineral resources.In this context,law is considered a critical prerequisite to protect mineral resources.The Chinese government commits to realizing the use of mineral resources in a more reasonable and efficient manner,making mineral resources sustainable and coordinately develop with economy,society and the environment,and ultimately ensuring the security of mineral resources within the framework of rule of law.It adopts an enforcement actionmineral resources plan and takes a series of laws as supplementarity.In a sense,mineral resource plan is a system to ensure efficient and standard use of mineral resources,and a basis for ensuring natural quality of mineral resources.Mineral resource plan can also complement the market mechanism malfunction as well as reducing irrational individual choices.Mineral resource plan is essentially an action of government under the framework of the rule of law.As such,the rule and standard on exercise of government power determine that the mineral resource plans should be formulated in the rule of law.Substantive legal norms and processes of legal norms are major ways to make mineral resource plan achieve the rule of law.After investigating current laws in regard to mineral resources plan,it was found that there exist many inadequacies in substantive legal norms of plan.For instance,because of plans being uncertain for unforeseeable future events and plan authorities having full discretion power,many laws about the principles,rights,contents of mineral resources plans are unclear.It is an inevitable conflict of substantive legal norms of plan.As an alternative for legal control,processes of legal norms should take into account their application functionality.In particular,it makes use of the rule of law to regulate the development processes of plan,and improve disordered situations.It is strongly suggested that mineral resources plan give fully play to the effectiveness of the rule of law,and need to improve the existing non-standard setting processes and set a due process of law,which is supported by minimum procedural systems,i.e.,the information disclosure system and public participation system of mineral resources plan.Only through this way can mineral resources plan effectively ensure rational development and sustainable use of mineral resources.
出处
《资源科学》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2010年第9期1814-1820,共7页
Resources Science
基金
教育部人文社科重点研究基地重大项目研究成果(编号:05JJD820008)
日本国际研究奖学财团:"笹川良一优秀青年奖学基金"(编号:SYLFF)
重庆大学中央高校基本科研业务费科研专项:"研究生科技创新基金"重点项目(编号:CDJXS10082220)
关键词
矿产资源
矿产资源规划
法治
实体
程序
Mineral resources
Mineral resources plan
Rule of law
Entity
Procedure
