摘要
用安德森双道采样器、Ｔｅｆｌｏｎ膜在广州市城区采集大气细颗粒物（Φ＜２５μｍ，ＰＭ２５）和粗颗粒物（２５≤Φ＜１０μｍ，ＰＭ２５－１０），两者之和为ＰＭ１０，每季度采样一次，连续采样１５～３０ｄ，每天采一个２４ｈ样品．污染点１９９５、１９９６年的污染水平接近，对照点１９９６年的污染水平明显低于１９９５年的．１９９５、１９９６年污染点ＰＭ２５的２４ｈ均值分别为００２５～０５０６和００１７～０４０２ｍｇ／ｍ３，年均值分别为０１６０和０１４０ｍｇ／ｍ３，比对照点分别高９７５％和１５４５％；ＰＭ１０的２４ｈ均值分别为００８０～０５５８和００６７～０５６０ｍｇ／ｍ３，年均值分别为０２５８和０２１３ｍｇ／ｍ３，比对照点分别高８０４％和１５３６％．１９９５、１９９６年污染点ＰＭ２５的超标率分别为８３７％和８７１％，对照点的分别为５７４％和３４９％；污染点ＰＭ１０的超标率分别为７７１％和７１０％，对照点的分别为３７０％和９７％．ＰＭ２５占ＰＭ１０的５６％～６６％．结果表明，广州市城区大气可吸入性颗粒物的污染相当严重，尤其是细颗粒物的污染，应引起公众和政府有关部门?
A two year intensive ambient inhalable particle matters ( Φ <10 μm, PM 10 ) study was conducted in Guangzhou, China, in 1995 and 1996. An Anderson dichotomous sampler was operated with Teflon filter membrane to collect fine ( Φ <2 5 μm, PM 2 5 ) and coarse (2 5≤ Φ <10 μm, PM 2 5-10 ) particles for total mass seasonly. The sampling sites were located in the region with busy traffic line in the city (pollution site). The contrast site was located in the relative clear region. In 1995 and 1996, the average of the 24 hour means of PM 2 5 in the pollution site was 0 160 (range 0 025～0 506) and 0 140 (range 0 017～0 402) mg/m 3 respectively, 97 5% and 154 5% higher than that of contrast site respectively. The average of 24 hour means of PM 10 in the pollution sith was 0 258 (range 0 080～0 558) and 0 213(range 0 067～0 560) mg/m 3 respectively, 80 4% and 153 6% higher that of contrast site respectively. In 1995 and 1996, the standard exceeding rate of PM 2 5 of the pollution site was 83 7% and 87 1% respectively, 57 4% and 34 9% of the contrast site respectively. In 1995 and 1996, the standard execcding rate of PM 10 of the pollution site was 77 1% and 71 0% respectively, 37 0% and 9 7% of the contrast site respectively. The pollution level of the PM 2 5 or PM 10 in the pollution site was obviously higher than that in the contrast site. The results indicated that the pollution of inhalable particle matters in Guangzhou urban region was serious, expecially for the fine particles (PM 2 5 ), and it should cause the attention of the public and the government.
出处
《生态科学》
CSCD
1999年第1期19-24,共6页
Ecological Science
关键词
大气污染
可吸入性颗粒物
广州市
atmosphere pollution, inhalable particle matter, Guangzhou
