摘要
试验设计6个凡纳滨对虾幼虾养殖密度:10、20、30、40、50、60 ind/m2,通过比较60 d养殖周期内的水环境因子、幼虾生长状况与消化酶活性,分析研究凡纳滨对虾幼虾低盐度粗养水体的养殖容量。结果表明:各试验组水质均符合凡纳滨对虾幼虾生长要求,单位水体载虾量主要影响pH、非离子氨氮(NH3-Nm)、溶解氧(DO)等水化指标;不同试验组水体pH、NH3-Nm含量、DO含量、总氮(TN)含量差异极显著(P<0.01),浊度、总磷(TP)含量差异显著(P<0.05);不同试验组对虾中肠腺蛋白酶活性差异显著(P<0.05),表现出单位水体载虾量越高,对虾体内蛋白消化酶活性和氮利用率越低的规律,DO是低盐度粗养水体养殖容量的主要限制因子。综合各项评价指标,得到本试验条件下,凡纳滨对虾幼虾低盐度粗养水体的最佳养殖容量为46.0 g/m3或32.2 g/m2(322 kg/hm2)。
In order to study the carrying capacity of Litopenaeus vannamei juveniles in extensive culture water with low salinity,the experiment was conducted at six stocking densities： 10,20,30,40,50,60 ind/m2,and the water quality of the shrimp ponds,the growth of the Litopenaeus vannamei juveniles and the activity of digestive enzymes during the 60-day culture cycle were nanlyzed.Results showed that： water quality of all test groups could meet the growth demand of Litopenaeus vannamei,the shrimp capacity in each unit-mass water mainly affected the water quality in pH,NH3-Nm and DO.The turbidity and total phosphorus（TP） showed significant differences in different stocking groups（P0.05）,while the non-ionic ammonia（NH3-Nm）,dissolved oxygen（DO） content,total nitrogen（TN） and pH showed extremely significant differences（P0.01）.DO was the main limiting factor for the carrying capacity.On the other hand,the protease activity of shrimp＇s mid-gut gland in different experimental groups also showed significant differences（P0.05）.With the capacity in unit-mass water growing up,the activity of protease and nitrogen utilization went down.Combining the assessment indicators,it came to the conclusion that： in extensive culture water with low salinity,the optimal carrying capacity of Litopenaeus vannamei juveniles was 46.0 g/m3 or 32.2 g/m2（322 kg/hm2）.
出处
《海洋渔业》
CSCD
北大核心
2010年第3期303-312,共10页
Marine Fisheries
基金
上海市科委科技攻关重点项目[073919102]
上海市教育委员会重点学科建设项目[J50701]
关键词
凡纳滨对虾
养殖密度
水质
评价指标
养殖容量
Litopenaeus vannamei
stocking density
water quality
assessment indicators
carrying capacity
