摘要
目的了解城市社区糖尿病患者自我管理行为的现况及其影响因素,为指导社区糖尿病患者自我管理健康教育及行为干预策略制定提供参考依据。方法采取分层整群抽样方法,从3个不同城市的3个社区整群抽取2型糖尿病患者365人,用统一设计调查表进行调查。结果被调查的365名2型糖尿病患者,只有49.5%的糖尿病患者具有自我管理行为,其中服药依从性行为形成率最高(80.3%),其次是运动(69.6%)和饮食行为(47.7%),最低的是血糖监测行为(6.0%)。影响糖尿病患者自我管理行为最主要的因素是知识(OR=2.057,95%CI=1.228～3.445)和自我效能(OR=1.899,95%CI=1.253～2.878)。通过对每个行为影响的单因素相关性分析,运动行为与知识(P<0.01)、态度(P<0.01)、自我效能(P<0.01)及社会支持因素(P<0.01)都相关;血糖监测行为与社会支持相关(P<0.01),用药依从性与态度相关(P<0.01)。结论在糖尿病患者自我管理的4个行为中,血糖监测行为和健康饮食行为形成率较低,是自我管理行为干预的重点。知识和自我效能是糖尿病患者自我管理健康教育行为干预的两个最主要因素。
Objective To understand the situation of self-management（SM） practices and the influencing factors of individual with type 2 diabetes in the urban community setting and to provide the guidance of strategies for self-management practices education and intervention.Methods Three hundred and sixty-five individuals with type 2 diabetes were randomly selected from three urban communities of three cities.A self-designed questionnaire was used to conduct the survey. Results Less than half subjects（49.5%） maintained practices of self-management（healthy dietary,moderate physical activities,glucose monitoring and adherence medication）.The highest percentage of practice of SM was adherence medication（80.3%）,then physical activities（69.6%） and healthy dietary（47.7%）,the lowerest was glucose monitoring（6.0%）.Of those who had good performance self-management,were influenced by high degree knowledge（OR=2.057,95% CI=1.228-3.445） and strong self-efficacy for diabetes self-management（OR=1.899,95% CI=1.253-2.878）.The practice of self-management,glucose monitoring was significantly influenced by perception of social support（P〈0.01）,adherence medication by attitude towards self-management（P〈0.01）,physical activities by knowledge（P〈0.01）,attitude（P〈0.01）,self-efficacy（P〈0.01）,and social support（P〈0.01）.However,there were no any factors significantly related to healthy dietary practice.Conclusion The glucose monitoring and healthy dietary practices rate were lower compared of other two practices.Those were the key intervention behaviors for individual with type 2 diabetes in urban community settings.Knowledge and self-efficacy were the main components for self-management practices intervention for the individual with type 2 diabetes.
出处
《中国健康教育》
2010年第9期651-654,共4页
Chinese Journal of Health Education
关键词
2型糖尿病患者
自我管理行为
影响因素
Individuals with type 2 diabetes
Self-management practices
Infuencing factors
