摘要
目的探讨B型利钠肽(BNP)在肾移植患者呼吸困难鉴别诊断中的价值。方法对2007年9月-2010年3月收治的25例肾移植术后伴有呼吸困难症状的患者,在发病即刻、对症治疗后48h进行血浆BNP测定,并行超声心动图等检查,对其诊疗经过进行回顾性分析。依据BNP测定值将患者分为2组:Ⅰ组患者19例BNP>400pg/ml;Ⅱ组患者6例BNP≤400pg/ml,对两组治疗前后的BNP、左室射血分数(LVEF)进行比较。结果Ⅰ组发病即刻BNP明显高于警戒水平(1893.21±350.34pg/ml),超声心动图提示LVEF低下(42.38%±6.74%),其中12例为容量超负荷引起的急性左心功能不全而无其他合并症,7例为移植肾功能不全合并重症感染诱发的急性左心功能不全。Ⅰ组患者经强心、利尿或透析等抗心力衰竭治疗48h后,复查血浆BNP明显降低(305.35±45.21pg/ml),LVEF升高(55.36%±6.26%),呼吸困难症状明显改善。Ⅱ组患者在发病即刻血浆BNP为78.52±23.26pg/ml,明显低于Ⅰ组水平,其LVEF(59.72%±4.92%)明显高于I组水平(42.38%±6.74%)。6例患者中有5例为移植肾功能正常但合并重症肺部感染,1例在接受猪抗人淋巴细胞免疫球蛋白诱导治疗时,发生严重过敏反应导致的呼吸困难。Ⅱ组经对症治疗48h后复查血浆BNP和LVEF均无明显变化(分别为67.44±31.05pg/ml和62.31%±10.08%)。结论快速血浆BNP检测是判断血容量的敏感指标,有助于鉴别心源性呼吸困难与非心源性呼吸困难,对肾移植术后患者的容量管理具有较高的参考价值。
Objective To investigate the value of brain natriuretic peptide（BNP）in differential diagnosis of dyspnea in renal transplant recipients.Methods A total of 25cases of renal transplant recipients,admitted from Sep.2007to Mar.2010,developing dyspnea were reviewed retrospectively.All the patients accepted ultrasoundcardiogram examination,and serum BNP was determined,at the onset of dyspnea and 48hafter symptomatic treatment.According to the International Expert consensus document on BNP in 2008,the ideal content of serum BNP was less than 100pg/ml,and once the serum BNP exceeded 400pg/ml it was considered to be a premonitory sign of to cardiac insufficiency or excessive volume loading.Based on the results of serum BNP determination,all the patients were divided into two groups.19cases with serum BNP higher than 400pg/ml were referred as the groupⅠ,while 6cases with BNP lower than 400pg/ ml were categorized as the groupⅡ.Results The serum BNP in groupⅠwas considerably elevated reaching 1893.21±350.34pg/ml. Ultrasoundcardiogram results demonstrated impaired heart function with lower left ventricular ejection fraction（LVEF）（42.38%± 6.74%）.Among the 19patients with acute heart dysfunction,12were attributed to excessive fluid loading,and in 7cases it was induced by graft dysfunction complicated by severe infection.Dyspnea was ameliorated with decreased serum BNP（305.35±45.21pg/ml）and increased LVEF（55.36%±6.26%）in groupⅠ48hafter treatment for heart failure.Serum BNP in groupⅡwas 78.52±23.26pg/ml,which was much lower than that in groupⅠ.Ultrasoundcardiogram results demonstrated that the patients in groupⅡhad better LVEF （59.72%±4.92%）than that in groupⅠ.Five of the patients in groupⅡhad normal graft renal function but severe pneumonia,and in the remaining one dyspnea was caused by allergic response when anti-lymphocyte antibody was given as an induction therapy against rejection. Symptomatic treatment did not show evident effects on both BNP and LVEF in groupⅡ.Conclusions Fast detection of serum BNP is an effective index of blood volume,beneficial in the differential diagnosis of cardiac or non-cardiac dyspnea,and provides a valuable reference to the blood volume control in patients after renal transplantation.
出处
《解放军医学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2010年第9期1130-1131,1140,共3页
Medical Journal of Chinese People's Liberation Army
基金
解放军总医院科技创新苗圃基金重点项目(09KMM33)
关键词
B型利钠肽
肾移植
呼吸困难
brain natriuretic peptide
renal transplantation
dyspnea
