摘要
对于钟秀芝(Adam Grainger)的《西蜀方言》反映的官话基础音系,甄尚灵(1988)、梁德曼(1993)均认为是19世纪末的成音。英国伦敦会的传教士艾约瑟(Joseph Edkins)撰写的《官话方言语法》(1857/1864)记有19世纪中成都官话古入声字的读音,认为甄、梁所言的《西蜀方言》的官话基础音系的结论有可商榷的余地。文章结合艾约瑟著作的记音和现有的四川方言调查材料,重新探讨《西蜀方言》的入声及其基础音系的问题。19世纪中期的成都官话入声已派入阳平,与19世纪末出版的《西蜀方言》还保留入声调有所不同,而该字典的少数入声字有读去声的例证,梗通两摄的入声字有异读的情况,这些入声字的变调和异读的现象反映了成都附近地区方言的特点。
Regarding to the basic sound system of Mandarin reflected by Western Mandarin（《西蜀方言》）compiled by Adam Grainger,Zhen Shangling（1988）and Liang Deman（1993）believe that Western Mandarin are recorded the sound system of Chengdu in the last period of the nineteenth century.Mandarin Dialect（1857/1864）by Joseph Edkins,contains entering tone characters showing the pronunciation of the Chengdu Mandarin,which prevailed in the middle of the nineteenth century.So the conclusions by Zhen and Liang are open for discussion.This study investigates the pronunciation noted by Joseph Edkins in his Mandarin works and the material of Sichuan dialect to further discuss the issues of the entering tone and the basic sound system of Western Mandarin.The entering tone of Chengdu Mandarin had been distributed into the second tone since the middle of nineteenth century,differed with Western Mandarin published in the last period of the nineteenth century,and the entering tone still existed.However some of the entering tone characters in this work are pronounced in the fourth tone,the entering tone characters from the rhyme categories of Geng and Tong（梗通两摄）have shown various pronunciations.This shifted entering tones and the different pronunciations of the entering tone characters are the characteristics of the dialects around Chengdu.
出处
《语言科学》
CSSCI
北大核心
2010年第4期402-415,共14页
Linguistic Sciences
关键词
西部官话
成都音
南京官话
入声
舌尖前后音
尖团音
Western Mandarin Chengdu sound system Nanking Mandarin the entering tone the front and back apical sounds the front apical sound and velar sounds
