摘要
目的调研近5年国内外流行病学研究进展,总结军队流行病学取得的成就,为确定今后军队流行病学的发展方向提供参考。方法检索近5年来国内外流行病学部分研究论文,总结该学科在基本理论、研究方法及现场应用领域等方面取得的新进展并分析其发展趋势。结果近年来,流行病学作为预防医学的基础学科,理论与方法越来越广泛地应用于疾病的防控实践,学科自身也在不断发展与完善。研究领域由疾病扩展到健康以及与健康相关的所有卫生事件;现场流行病学、宏观流行病学、理论流行病学、人类基因组流行病学等分支学科更加成熟,并被应用于探讨疾病或健康的宏观与微观危险因素,控制疾病流行,降低卫生事件危害,评估干预措施效果;现代信息技术、分子生物学技术等新技术不断引入。军队流行病学在军队疾病监测及军队常见传染性疾病、自然疫源性疾病、精神及心理疾病、各种伤害等的流行病学研究和防控方面都取得了新的成就。结论 "十二五"期间,军队流行病学应以传染病流行病学为主,继续扩展军队非传染病流行病学研究领域,重点关注军人精神、心理疾病及各种伤害,及时汲取分子生物学、生物信息学、空间信息等相关领域的新技术、新方法 ,为疾病预防控制提供新思路、新策略。
Objective To review the progresses in epidemiology worldwide,and to summarize the achievements in military epidemiology in recent five years,so as to provide an orientation of development of epidemiology in the future. Methods Research articles in the field of epidemiology published were retrieved by information research method. The progress in basic theory,research methods and field application of epidemiology were summarized and the developmental tendency of the subject was analyzed. Results As a basic subject of preventive medicine,epidemiology had made rapid progress in principles and study methods in recent years,and played an important role in diseases prevention and control. The advances in epidemiology mainly encompassed three aspects. Firstly,the study field had extended from only focusing on human diseases to human health and all health-related public health events. Secondly,several branches of epidemiology developed quickly,including field epidemiology,macroepidemiology,fundamental epidemiology and human genome epidemiology. The related study methods had been used for investigating the risk factors of diseases,controlling disease epidemics,decreasing impact of health events,and evaluating the effects of intervention. Thirdly,many new methods and technologies,such as molecular biological technologies and spatial information technologies,had been applied in epidemiological researches. Military epidemiology had obtained remarkable achievements in surveillance of diseases as well as epidemiological studies and prevention of common infectious diseases,natural focus diseases,injury and mental diseases in the armed forces. Conclusions In future,infectious disease epidemiology is still the most important subject in military epidemiology. More attention should be given to noninfectious diseases,especially traumas and mental health problems of the servicemen. Also,introduction of advanced technologies and methods will be helpful for prevention and control of related diseases.
出处
《解放军医学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2010年第8期905-908,共4页
Medical Journal of Chinese People's Liberation Army
关键词
流行病学
传染病控制
军队卫生
epidemiology
communicable disease control
military hygiene
