摘要
目的了解医院病原菌的来源分布及主要病原菌的耐药状况。方法对2008年7-12月分离出460株病原菌进行鉴定及药敏试验,采用上海复兴Bio-Fosun微生物鉴定及药敏分析仪,结合法国生物梅里埃公司API系统鉴定到种,少量药敏试验及ESBLs、MRS的检测按K-B法进行,用CLSI 2008年标准判读结果。结果分离病原菌阳性率为57.1%,其中以革兰阴性杆菌为主占60.9%,革兰阴性杆菌中以铜绿假单胞菌的检出率最高(17.0%),其对美罗培南的耐药率最低(17.9%);其次是革兰阳性球菌占23.9%,其中金黄色葡萄球菌、表皮葡萄球菌和粪肠球菌对万古霉素的耐药率均为0;再次是真菌占11.5%,其中白色假丝酵母菌对两性霉素B和制霉菌素的耐药率最低,均为6.8%;ESBLs、MRS的检出率较高。结论分离的病原菌种类较多,以革兰阴性杆菌为主,耐药率很高,临床医师应根据药敏结果合理选用抗菌药物,不可盲目用药。
OBJECTIVE To explore the origin distribution of pathogenic bacteria and drug resistance status of major pathogenic bacteria which were tested out from Jul to Dec,2008 in our hospital.METHODS In the study,460 strains of pathogenic bacteria were checked with Shanghai Fuxing Bio-Fosun Microbiological Assay and Drug Sensitivity Analyser and the French bioMérieux API System,and characterized to the genera.Drug sensitivity,ESBLs and MRS were tested by the K-B method and defined by the CLSI 2008 standard.RESULTS The pathogenic bacteria positive rate was 57.1%,with a larger ratio of the Gram-negative bacilli accounted for 60.9%,in which Pseudomonas aeruginosa reached the highest isolation rate at 17.0% and the lowest rate of drug resistance to meropenem at 17.9%.Then the Gram-positive cocci accounted for 23.9%,in which Staphylococcus aureus,S.epidermidis and Enterococcus faecalis kept none vancomycin resistance either.Furthermore,The fungi accounted for 11.5%,in which Candida albicans showed the lowest drug resistance to amphotericinB and nystatin（both 6.3%）.A high isolation rate of ESBLs and MRS was also detected.CONCLUSIONS The species of pathogenic bacteria isolated vary greatly,with Gram-negative bacilli being the major variety and demonstrating a high drug resistance rate.The physician ought to prescribe antibiotics sensibly according to drug sensitivity test results and avoid blind and aimless use of drugs.
出处
《中华医院感染学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2010年第15期2304-2306,共3页
Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology
关键词
病原菌
来源分布
耐药性
抗菌药物
药敏试验
Pathogenic bacteria
Origin disposition
Drug resistance
Antibiotics
Drug sensitivity test
