摘要
本文报道营养条件、接种量、栽培种菌龄及高、低温对室外阳畦塑膜拱棚栽培凤尾菇生育的影响。室外稻草栽培,不用掭加剂,产量(kg 菇/kg 料)为0.82;室外麦秸或油菜壳栽培,加入10%(W/W)以内的石膏、过磷酸钙和米糠,产量为0.42-1.16。室外稻草栽培,接种量以10%(W/W)为宜;在29—50天之间,栽培种菌龄对凤尾菇生育无显著影响;营养生长期期间,短期出现4hrs 以内/d 38—39℃高温能抑制菌丝体的生长并延缓其生理成熟.但不灭活,子实体尤其是菇蕾对高温敏感,27℃时菇形欠佳;连续4天2～3hrs/d 28—29℃时,菇蕾大批死亡;子实体对-3-0℃低温抵抗力较强。-4℃为其致死低温;生殖生长期期间偶然出现1-2hrs28℃高温后,再连续5天出现12-13hrs/d 1-4℃低温与12-11hrs/d 适温交替时。菇形发生异常。
This paper reports the influences of several factors such as nutri- tional condition,inoculation quantity,age of fungus spawn and high/low tempe- rature upon the growth of Pleurotus sajor-caju cultivated inside outdoor arched plastic sheds on ridged land. Outdoor cultivation in rice straw without any additive results ina yield of 0.82 kg mushrooms/kg compost.Outdoor cultivation in wheat strawdr rape pod hull supplemented with 10% (w/w) or less of gypsum,caleium superphosphate and rice bran,results in the yields of 0.42—1.16kg mushrooms/kg compost. In the case of outdoor cultivation in rice straw,the inoculation quantity of 10% (w/w) is advisable. It has no conspicuous influences upon the growth of Pleurotus Sajor-Caju that the age of fungus spawn ranges between 29 and 50 days.During the vegetative growth period,a short appearance of high temperature of 38—39℃ within 4 ho- rus per day can retard growth and physiological maturity of the fungus, but its mycelia can still survive. The fruiting bodies especially buttons of pleurotus are sensi~'ive to high temp- erature. The shape of pleurotus will not be fine at 27~. The pleurotus buttons will perish in large quantities in four consecutive days of high temperature of 29--29~C for 2-3 hours per day. The fruiting body has relatively strong resis- tancetolow temperature of -3—0℃,and -4℃ is its lethal low temperature. The shape of pleurotus will turn abnormal during its reproductive growth period if a low temperature of 1—4℃ for 12—13 hours per day and an optimum temper- ature for 12--11 hours per day appear alternately for five consecutive days after casual appearance of a high temperature of 28℃ for 1—2 hours.
出处
《上海农业学报》
CSCD
1990年第1期89-95,共7页
Acta Agriculturae Shanghai
关键词
凤尾菇
产量
菌龄
接种量
致死低温
Pleurotus Sajor-caju(Fries)Singer
Yield(kg mushrooms/kg compost)
Inoculation quantity
Age of fungus spawn
Lethal low temperature
(Teratological pleurotus)
